{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T06:22:44Z","timestamp":1791699764759,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":218,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]],"date-time":"2019-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.00711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]],"date-time":"2019-08-08T13:28:02Z","timestamp":1565270882000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Human Polyomavirus JCPyV and Its Role in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Oncogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Luis","family":"Del Valle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Pi\u00f1a-Oviedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000839","article-title":"ICTV Virus taxonomy profile: Polyomaviridae","volume":"98","author":"Moens","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-011-1008-x","article-title":"Taxonomical developments in the family Polyomaviridae","volume":"156","author":"Johne","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2992","article-title":"A cornucopia of human Polyomaviruses","volume":"11","author":"DeCaprio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.06.011","article-title":"Biology, evolution, and medical importance of Polyomaviruses: an update","volume":"54","author":"Moens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e49449","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0049449","article-title":"Discovery of a novel Polyomavirus in acute diarrheal samples from children","volume":"7","author":"Yu","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2017.03.007","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a novel putative human Polyomavirus","volume":"506","author":"Gheit","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.2741\/1830","article-title":"HIV disorders of the brain: pathology and pathogenesis","volume":"11","author":"Del Valle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6189183","article-title":"Isolation of a T-lymphotropic Retrovirus from a patient at risk for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)","volume":"220","author":"Barr\u00e9-Sinoussi","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.80650-0","article-title":"Utility of JC Polyomavirus in tracing the pattern of human migrations dating to prehistoric times","volume":"86","author":"Pavesi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005574","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005574","article-title":"The ancient evolutionary history of Polyomaviruses","volume":"12","author":"Buck","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-001-0009-x","article-title":"Evolution of human Polyomavirus JC: implications for the population history of humans","volume":"54","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Mol Evol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-003-2552-0","article-title":"Detecting traces of prehistoric human migrations by geographic synthetic maps of Polyomavirus JC","volume":"58","author":"Pavesi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Mol Evol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.25686","article-title":"Tracing males from different continents by genotyping JC Polyomavirus in DNA from semen samples","volume":"232","author":"Rotondo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14542","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.26.14542","article-title":"Asian genotypes of JC Virus in Native Americans and in a Pacific Island population: markers of viral evolution and human migration","volume":"94","author":"Agostini","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-002-2425-y","article-title":"African origin of Polyomavirus JC and implications for prehistoric human migrations","volume":"56","author":"Pavesi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Mol Evol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/81.1.93","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leuko-encephalopathy; a hitherto unrecognized complication of chronic lymphatic leukaemia and Hodgkin's disease","volume":"81","author":"\u00c5str\u00f6m","year":"1958","journal-title":"Brain."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(59)91774-X","article-title":"Cerebral demyelination associated with disorders of the reticuloendothelial system","volume":"2","author":"Cavanagh","year":"1959","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196110262651701","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"265","author":"Richardson","year":"1961","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00686519","article-title":"Electron microscopic observations on a case of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"5","author":"Silverman","year":"1965","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1126\/science.148.3676.1477","article-title":"Particles resembling Papova viruses in human cerebral demyelinating disease","volume":"148","author":"Zu Rhein","year":"1965","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)91777-6","article-title":"Cultivation of Papova-like virus from human brain with Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy","volume":"1","author":"Padgett","year":"1971","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00561","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00561-18","article-title":"JC Polyomavirus: Let's please respect privacy","volume":"92","author":"Imperiale","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B23","first-page":"175","article-title":"Causation and disease: the Henle-Koch postulates revisited","volume":"49","author":"Evans","year":"1976","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.51.2.458-469.1984","article-title":"Human Polyomavirus JC virus genome","volume":"51","author":"Frisque","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1995.0001","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation: lessons from the human neurotropic Polyomavirus JCV","volume":"213","author":"Raj","year":"1995","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32662","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.49.32662","article-title":"Interaction of the single-stranded DNA-binding protein Pur-alpha with the human polyomavirus JC virus early protein T-Antigen","volume":"273","author":"Gallia","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.02.021","article-title":"Early growth response-1 protein is induced by JC Virus infection and binds and regulates the JC Virus promoter","volume":"375","author":"Romagnoli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.53.1.306-311.1985","article-title":"Differences in regulatory sequences of naturally occurring JC virus variants","volume":"53","author":"Martin","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-74-8-1499","article-title":"Human Polyomavirus JC promoter\/enhancer rearrangement patterns from Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy brain are unique derivatives of a single archetypal structure","volume":"74","author":"Ault","year":"","journal-title":"J Gen Virol. ("},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02565-14","article-title":"JC Virus quasispecies analysis reveals a complex viral population underlying Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and supports viral dissemination via the hematogenous route","volume":"89","author":"Van Loy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10448","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00614-10","article-title":"Rearranged JC Virus non-coding control regions found in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy patient samples increase virus early gene expression and replication rate","volume":"84","author":"Gosert","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5177","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03221-13","article-title":"Lymphocyte gene expression and JC Virus noncoding control region sequences are linked with the risk of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"88","author":"Marshall","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1086\/597117","article-title":"Detection of JC virus DNA and proteins in the bone marrow of HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients: implications for viral latency and neurotropic transformation","volume":"199","author":"Tan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(82)90531-1","article-title":"Specific interaction of the SV40 T-Antigen-cellular p53 protein complex with SV40 DNA","volume":"117","author":"Reich","year":"1982","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.59.3.574-583.1986","article-title":"Identification of the p53 protein domain involved in formation of the Simian Virus 40 large T-Antigen-p53 protein complex","volume":"59","author":"Tan","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.21326","article-title":"Small tumor antigen of Polyomaviruses: role in viral life cycle and cell transformation","volume":"215","author":"Khalili","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280152403290","article-title":"JC virus T' proteins encoded by alternatively spliced early mRNAs enhance T-Antigen mediated viral DNA replication in human cells","volume":"7","author":"Prins","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280601009553","article-title":"JC Virus T'135, T'136 and T'165 proteins interact with cellular p107 and p130 in vivo and influence viral transformation potential","volume":"12","author":"Bollag","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(86)90071-1","article-title":"Self-assembly of purified Polyomavirus capsid protein VP1","volume":"46","author":"Salunke","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005104","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005104","article-title":"Structural and functional analysis of murine Polyomavirus capsid proteins establish the determinants of kigand recognition and pathogenicity","volume":"11","author":"Buch","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10858","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01298-06","article-title":"JC Virus minor capsid proteins Vp2 and Vp3 are essential for virus propagation","volume":"80","author":"Gasparovic","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306ra151","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aab1720","article-title":"JC Polyomavirus mutants escape antibody-mediated neutralization","volume":"7","author":"Ray","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4137","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26219","article-title":"Discovery and characterization of novel trans-spliced products of human Polyoma JC Virus late transcripts from PML patients","volume":"233","author":"Saribas","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280152537148","article-title":"Distribution and function of JCV Agnoprotein","volume":"7","author":"Okada","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2012.06.017","article-title":"JC Virus Agnoprotein enhances large T-Antigen binding to the origin of viral DNA replication: Evidence for its involvement in viral DNA replication","volume":"433","author":"Saribas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000801","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000801","article-title":"The human Polyoma JC Virus Agnoprotein acts as a viroporin","volume":"6","author":"Suzuki","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e80840","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080840","article-title":"Agnogene deletion in a novel pathogenic JC Virus isolate impairs VP1 expression and virion production","volume":"8","author":"Ellis","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200012)48:6<932::AID-ANA15>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Reactivation of human neurotropic JC Virus expressing oncogenic protein in a recurrent Glioblastoma multiforme","volume":"48","author":"Del Valle","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1982.tb00254.x","article-title":"Prevalence rate and age of acquisition of antibodies against JC Virus and BK Virus in human sera","volume":"26","author":"Taguchi","year":"1982","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-016-0477-9","article-title":"JC virus infection is acquired very early in life: evidence from a longitudinal serological study","volume":"23","author":"Elia","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B51","first-page":"99","article-title":"The epidemiology of human Polyomaviruses","volume":"105","author":"Walker","year":"1983","journal-title":"Prog Clin Biol Res"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23893","article-title":"JC Virus antibody status underestimates infection rates","volume":"74","author":"Berger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5513","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26457","article-title":"Serum IgG antibodies from healthy subjects up to 100 years old react to JC Polyomavirus","volume":"233","author":"Bononi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.24943","article-title":"In vivo detection of Polyomaviruses JCVand SV40 in mesenchymal stem cells from human umbilical cords","volume":"61","author":"Comar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.66.1.238-245.2000","article-title":"Documenting the epidemiologic patterns of Polyomaviruses in human populations by studying their presence in urban sewage","volume":"66","author":"Bofill-Mas","year":"2000","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.19269","article-title":"JC Virus DNA sequences are frequently present in the human upper and lower gastrointestinal tract","volume":"119","author":"Ricciardiello","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10290","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.21.10290-10299.2001","article-title":"Potential transmission of human Polyomaviruses through the gastrointestinal tract after exposure to virions or viral DNA","volume":"75","author":"Bofill-Mas","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7004","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.70.10.7004-7012.1996","article-title":"JC virus infection of hematopoietic progenitor cells, primary B lymphocytes, and tonsillar stromal cells: implications for viral latency","volume":"70","author":"Monaco","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280490468663","article-title":"Detection of the archetypal regulatory region of JC virus from the tonsil tissue of patients with tonsillitis and tonsilar hypertrophy","volume":"10","author":"Kato","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/147.4.676","article-title":"Persistence of DNA sequences of BK Virus and JC Virus in normal human tissues and in diseased tissues","volume":"147","author":"Chesters","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1086\/515305","article-title":"JC virus remains latent in peripheral blood B lymphocytes but replicates actively in urine from AIDS patients","volume":"177","author":"Lafon","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)90514-1","article-title":"Polyoma Virus in urine during pregnancy","volume":"2","author":"Coleman","year":"1977","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4515","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.65.8.4515-4519.1991","article-title":"BK Virus and JC Virus shed during pregnancy have predominantly archetypal regulatory regions","volume":"65","author":"Markowitz","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199602)48:2<204::AID-JMV14>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Different genotypes of human Polyomaviruses found in patients with autoimmune diseases in Taiwan","volume":"48","author":"Chang","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Med Virol."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1086\/314830","article-title":"BK and JC Viruses in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: prevalent and persistent BK viruria, sequence stability of the viral regulatory regions, and nondetectable viremia","volume":"180","author":"Sundsfjord","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-81-11-2625","article-title":"VP1 DNA sequences of JC and BK Viruses detected in urine of systemic lupus erythematosus patients reveal no differences from strains expressed in normal individuals","volume":"81","author":"Bendiksen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Gen Virol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3109\/13550280009013156","article-title":"JC virus binds to primary human glial cells, tonsillar stromal cells, and B-lymphocytes, but not to T lymphocytes","volume":"6","author":"Wei","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1086\/653823","article-title":"Human polyomavirus JC. (JCV) infection of human B lymphocytes: a possible mechanism for JCV transmigration across the blood-brain barrier","volume":"202","author":"Chapagain","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21443","article-title":"Detection of JC virus DNA fragments but not proteins in normal brain tissue","volume":"64","author":"Perez-Liz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e3283463558","article-title":"Immunosuppression increases latent infection of brain by JC Polyomavirus","volume":"43","author":"Bayliss","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12992","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.24.12992-13000.2002","article-title":"Oligosaccharides as receptors for JC Virus","volume":"76","author":"Komagome","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1103492","article-title":"The human Polyomavirus JCV uses serotonin receptors to infect cells","volume":"306","author":"Elphick","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1960","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.04.067","article-title":"Genetic and functional dissection of the role of individual 5-HT2 receptors as entry receptors for JC Polyomavirus","volume":"27","author":"Assetta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63132-X","article-title":"Differential distribution of the JC Virus receptor-type sialic acid in normal human tissues","volume":"164","author":"Eash","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2007.02.018","article-title":"Polyomavirus JC infects human brain microvascular endothelial cells independent of serotonin receptor 2A","volume":"364","author":"Chapagain","year":"2007","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.5.2288-2292.2000","article-title":"JC Virus enters human glial cells by clathrin-dependent receptor-mediated endocytosis","volume":"74","author":"Pho","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.2.1347-1356.2003","article-title":"Contrasting roles of endosomal pH and the cytoskeleton in infection of human glial cells by JC Virus and Simian Virus 40","volume":"77","author":"Ashok","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27735","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M310827200","article-title":"Nuclear entry mechanism of the human Polyomavirus JC Virus-like particle: role of importins and the nuclear pore complex","volume":"279","author":"Qu","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13240","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.22.13240","article-title":"Cell-specific activation of the glial-specific JC Virus early promoter by large T-Antigen","volume":"270","author":"Henson","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)49698-1","article-title":"Adjacent nuclear factor-1 and activator protein binding sites in the enhancer of the neurotropic JC Virus. A common characteristic of many brain-specific genes","volume":"267","author":"Amemiya","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289609146542","article-title":"Expression of multiple classes of the nuclear factor-1 family in the developing human brain: differential expression of two classes of NF-1 genes","volume":"2","author":"Sumner","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0155897","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155897","article-title":"JC Polyomavirus abundance and distribution in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) brain tissue implicates myelin sheath in intracerebral dissemination of infection","volume":"11","author":"Wharton","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27410","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M313612200","article-title":"Efficient intracellular delivery of a protein and a low molecular weight substance via recombinant Polyomavirus-like particles","volume":"279","author":"Abbing","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2010.50","article-title":"Efficient gene transfer using the human JC Virus-like particle that inhibits human colon adenocarcinoma growth in a nude mouse model","volume":"17","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gene Ther"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-015-0389-0","article-title":"Inhibition of human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma growth by JC Polyomavirus-like particles delivering a suicide gene","volume":"13","author":"Chao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.01.084","article-title":"Inhibition of human bladder cancer growth by a suicide gene delivered by JC Polyomavirus virus-like particles in a mouse model","volume":"193","author":"Fang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289509111006","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: the evolution of a disease once considered rare","volume":"1","author":"Berger","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289809113482","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in patients with HIV infection","volume":"4","author":"Berger","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1159\/000026184","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in the United States, 1979-1994: increased mortality associated with HIV infection","volume":"17","author":"Holman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.4.1486","article-title":"Unusual viral infections (Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and cytomegalovirus disease) after high-dose chemotherapy with autologous blood stem cell rescue and peritransplantation Rituximab","volume":"99","author":"Goldberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051782","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy complicating treatment with Natalizumab and interferon beta-1a for Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"353","author":"Kleinschmidt-DeMasters","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051586","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy after Natalizumab therapy for Crohn's disease","volume":"353","author":"Van Assche","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa054693","article-title":"Evaluation of patients treated with Natalizumab for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"354","author":"Yousry","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.080708.082655","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in patients on immunomodulatory therapies","volume":"61","author":"Major","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1017\/S031716710011950X","article-title":"Cerebellar form of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)","volume":"6","author":"Parr","year":"1979","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280701469178","article-title":"Spinal cord lesions of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient","volume":"13","author":"Bernal-Cano","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1789.2008.00981.x","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy showing extensive spinal cord involvement in a patient with lymphocytopenia","volume":"29","author":"Takeda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropathology"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(18)31105-8","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"2","author":"Brooks","year":"1984","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1004","article-title":"Cellular and humoral immune response in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"49","author":"Weber","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280701381324","article-title":"Characterization of JC Virus in cerebrospinal fluid from HIV-1 infected patients with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: insights into viral pathogenesis and disease prognosis","volume":"13","author":"Marzocchetti","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21313","article-title":"Presence and expression of JCV early gene large T-Antigen in the brains of immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals","volume":"80","author":"Delbue","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280152537166","article-title":"Immune response in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: an overview","volume":"7","author":"Weber","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181c0d4a1","article-title":"Determinants of survival in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"73","author":"Marzocchetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.5501\/wjv.v5.i1.31","article-title":"Neuropathology of JC Virus infection in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in remission","volume":"5","author":"SantaCruz","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Virol"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280152537175","article-title":"JCV-specific cellular immune response correlates with a favorable clinical outcome in HIV-infected individuals with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"7","author":"Du Pasquier","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3483","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.7.3483-3487.2001","article-title":"JC Virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in individuals with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"75","author":"Koralnik","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.1.499","article-title":"Association of prolonged survival in HLA-A2+ Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy patients with a CTL response specific for a commonly recognized JC Virus epitope","volume":"168","author":"Koralnik","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.15.1.1","article-title":"Identification of HIV-associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy","volume":"15","author":"Hurley","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2010.03.001","article-title":"Imaging manifestations of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"65","author":"Shah","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3109\/01913129309027796","article-title":"Anatomo-pathological features of JCV infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study including the in situ hybridization technique of 54 AIDS autopsies","volume":"85","author":"Boldorini","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pathologica."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00685273","article-title":"Virus-cell interaction in oligodendroglia, astroglia and phagocyte in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy. An electron microscopic study","volume":"36","author":"Watanabe","year":"1976","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00690753","article-title":"Morphological demonstration of the first phase of polyomavirus replication in oligodendroglia cells of human brain in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)","volume":"49","author":"Mazlo","year":"1980","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410310426","article-title":"Detection of JC virus DNA in peripheral lymphocytes from patients with and without Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"31","author":"Tornatore","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3109\/13550280009015824","article-title":"Detection of HIV-1 Tat and JCV capsid protein, VP1, in AIDS brain with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"6","author":"Del Valle","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2004.23.858","article-title":"Internalization of exogenous human immunodeficiency virus-1 protein, Tat, by KG-1 oligodendroglioma cells followed by stimulation of DNA replication initiated at the JC virus origin","volume":"23","author":"Daniel","year":"2004","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.5858\/2004-128-282-EFIOTG","article-title":"Evidence for involvement of transforming growth factor beta1 signaling pathway in activation of JC Virus in human immunodeficiency virus 1-associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"128","author":"Enam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.011072-0","article-title":"SMAD proteins of oligodendroglial cells regulate transcription of JC Virus early and late genes coordinately with the Tat protein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1","volume":"90","author":"Stettner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gen Virol."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0533-0","article-title":"Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha activation of the JCV promoter: role in the pathogenesis of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"118","author":"Pi\u00f1a-Oviedo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.3109\/01913129309027796","article-title":"Ultrastructural studies in the lytic phase of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in AIDS patients","volume":"17","author":"Boldorini","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ultrastruct Pathol."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4884","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.9.4884-4891.2004","article-title":"JC Virus induces non-apoptotic cell death of human central nervous system progenitor cell-derived astrocytes","volume":"78","author":"Seth","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.060689","article-title":"Effects of JC Virus infection on anti-apoptotic protein Survivin in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"170","author":"Pi\u00f1a-Oviedo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0136046","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136046","article-title":"CRISPR\/Cas9 system as an agent for eliminating Polyomavirus JC infection","volume":"10","author":"Wollebo","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1815039","article-title":"Pembrolizumab treatment for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","author":"Cortese","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1126\/science.181.4100.674","article-title":"Human Papovavirus (JC): induction of brain tumors in hamsters","volume":"181","author":"Walker","year":"1973","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-197605000-00036","article-title":"Experimental pineocytoma of the Syrian hamster induced by a human papovavirus. (JC). A light and electron microscopic study","volume":"35","author":"Varakis","year":"1976","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"B126","first-page":"205","article-title":"Perinatal induction of medulloblastomas in Syrian golden hamsters by a human polyoma virus (JC)","volume":"51","author":"Zu Rhein","year":"1979","journal-title":"Natl Cancer Inst Monogr"},{"key":"B127","first-page":"1718","article-title":"Induction of peripheral neuroblastomas in Syrian hamsters after injection as neonates with JC virus, a human polyoma virus","volume":"38","author":"Varakis","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B128","first-page":"429","article-title":"Induction of undifferentiated brain tumors in rats by a human Polyomavirus (JC virus)","volume":"76","author":"Ohsumi","year":"1985","journal-title":"Jpn J Cancer Res"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.1986.tb03116.x","article-title":"Induction of undifferentiated tumors by JC Virus in the cerebrum of rats","volume":"36","author":"Ohsumi","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Pathol Jpn"},{"key":"B130","first-page":"223","article-title":"New world primates as a model of viral-induced astrocytomas","volume":"105","author":"Houff","year":"1983","journal-title":"Prog Clin Biol Res"},{"key":"B131","first-page":"227","article-title":"Viral-induced astrocytomas in squirrel monkeys","volume":"105","author":"London","year":"1983","journal-title":"Prog Clin Biol Res"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.49.3.848-856.1984","article-title":"Brain tumors of owl monkeys inoculated with JC virus contain the JC virus genome","volume":"49","author":"Miller","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8288","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.21.8288","article-title":"Early regions of JC virus and BK virus induce distinct and tissue-specific tumors in transgenic mice","volume":"83","author":"Small","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B134","first-page":"2573","article-title":"Formation of undifferentiated mesenteric tumors in transgenic mice expressing human neurotropic Polymavirus early protein","volume":"12","author":"Franks","year":"1996","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1002\/0471221945.ch15","article-title":"JC Virus in experimental and clinical brain tumors","volume-title":"Human Polyoviruses Molecular and Clinical Perspectives.","author":"Del Valle","year":"2001"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4840","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1203849","article-title":"Pituitary neoplasia induced by expression of human neurotropic Polyomavirus JCV early genome in transgenic mice","volume":"19","author":"Gordon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5459","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207728","article-title":"JCV T-Antigen interacts with the neurofibromatosis type 2 gene product in a transgenic mouse model of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors","volume":"23","author":"Shollar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B138","first-page":"379","article-title":"Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and multiple gliomas","volume":"130","author":"Castaigne","year":"1974","journal-title":"Rev Neurol."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410140205","article-title":"Multiple malignant astrocytomas in a patient with spontaneous Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"14","author":"Sima","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/59.10.921","article-title":"Infection with JC virus and possible dysplastic ganglion-like transformation of the cerebral cortical neurons in a case of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy","volume":"59","author":"Shintaku","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)00357-8","article-title":"Medulloblastomas and the human neurotropic polyomavirus JC virus","volume":"353","author":"Khalili","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11519","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.20.11519","article-title":"Detection of human neurotropic JC virus DNA sequence and expression of the viral oncogenic protein in pediatric medulloblastomas","volume":"96","author":"Krynska","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1136\/mp.54.5.331","article-title":"Expression of a human Polyomavirus oncoprotein and tumour suppressor proteins in medulloblastomas","volume":"54","author":"Del Valle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Pathol"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/94.4.267","article-title":"Expression of human neurotropic Polyomavirus JCV late gene product Agnoprotein in human Medulloblastoma","volume":"94","author":"Del Valle","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-006-0050-3","article-title":"Glioblastoma multiforme with small cell neuronal-like component: association with human neurotropic JC Virus","volume":"111","author":"Pi\u00f1a-Oviedo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"B146","first-page":"4287","article-title":"Detection of JC Virus DNA sequences and expression of the viral regulatory protein T-Antigen in tumors of the Central Nervous System","volume":"61","author":"Del Valle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B147","first-page":"3332","article-title":"Detection of JC Polyomavirus DNA sequences and cellular localization of T-Antigen and Agnoprotein in oligodendrogliomas","volume":"8","author":"Del Valle","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(00)80256-7","article-title":"JC Virus in human glial-derived tumors","volume":"31","author":"Caldarelli-Stefano","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3462","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.7.3462-3469.2004","article-title":"Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma expressing the human neurotropic polyomavirus, JC Virus, genome","volume":"78","author":"Del Valle","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20806","article-title":"Detection of JC Virus DNA sequences and expression of viral T-Antigen and Agnoprotein in esophageal carcinoma","volume":"103","author":"Del Valle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21514","article-title":"Detection of human polyomavirus proteins, T-Antigen and Agnoprotein, in human tumor tissue arrays","volume":"82","author":"Del Valle","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20474","article-title":"Distribution, characterization and significance of Polyomavirus genomic sequences in tumors of the brain and its covering","volume":"77","author":"Delbue","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-015-0676-5","article-title":"JC Polyomavirus in the aetiology and pathophysiology of glial tumours","volume":"39","author":"Eftimov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4907","DOI":"10.22034\/APJCP.2016.17.11.4907","article-title":"Evaluation of JC and Cytomegalo viruses in glioblastoma tissue","volume":"17","author":"Malekpour Afshar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e85562","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.85562","article-title":"Survey for human Polyomaviruses in cancer","volume":"1","author":"Toptan","year":"2016","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-198001000-00021","article-title":"Reticulum cell sarcoma and Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy following renal transplantation","volume":"29","author":"Egan","year":"1980","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1136\/mp.54.5.354","article-title":"Concomitant Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy and primary central nervous system Lymphoma expressing JC Virus oncogenic protein, large T-Antigen","volume":"54","author":"Gallia","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Pathol"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.3960\/jslrt.54.211","article-title":"Development of primary Central Nervous System lymphoma associated with human immunodeficiency virus and JC Virus infection","volume":"54","author":"Kawakami","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Hematop"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1152586","article-title":"Clonal integration of a Polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma","volume":"319","author":"Feng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1901.121078","article-title":"Novel Polyomavirus associated with Brain Tumors in Free-Ranging Raccoons, Western United States","volume":"19","author":"Dela Cruz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7484","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.13.7484","article-title":"JC Virus DNA is present in the mucosa of the human colon and in colorectal cancers","volume":"96","author":"Laghi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B162","first-page":"7093","article-title":"Association of human Polyomavirus JCV with colon cancer: evidence for interaction of viral T-Antigen and beta-catenin","volume":"62","author":"Enam","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23266","article-title":"JC Virus T-Antigen expression in sporadic adenomatous polyps of the colon","volume":"112","author":"Jung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-011-1855-z","article-title":"Presence of JC Virus DNA in the tumor tissue and normal mucosa of patients with sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) or with positive family history and Bethesda criteria","volume":"57","author":"Vilkin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Digest Dis. Sci"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-005-0014-3","article-title":"Detection of JC Virus DNA sequences in colorectal cancers in Japan","volume":"447","author":"Hori","year":"2005","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e35900","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035900","article-title":"Prevalence of JC Virus in Chinese patients with colorectal cancer","volume":"7","author":"Mou","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2012.627","article-title":"JC Virus existence in Chinese gastrointestinal carcinomas","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21296","article-title":"Prevalence and genotype identification of human JC Virus in colon cancer in Taiwan","volume":"80","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32832e9d2c","article-title":"hMLH1 promoter methylation and JC Virus T-Antigen presence in the tumor tissue of colorectal cancer Israeli patients of different ethnic groups","volume":"22","author":"Niv","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23705","article-title":"Human JC Polyomavirus in normal colorectal mucosa, hyperplastic polyps, sporadic adenomas, and adenocarcinomas in Portugal","volume":"85","author":"Coelho","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"B171","first-page":"99","article-title":"Detection of a new JCV strain of genotype A in a subpopulation of colorectal adenocarcinomas in Tunisia","volume":"40","author":"Toumi","year":"2017","journal-title":"New Microbiol"},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0737-2","article-title":"Assessment of JC Polyoma Virus in colon neoplasms","volume":"48","author":"Theodoropoulos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8146","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008146","article-title":"JC Virus mediates invasion and migration in colorectal metastasis","volume":"4","author":"Link","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e106257","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0106257","article-title":"Activation of c-Myc and cyclin D1 by JCV T-Antigen and beta-catenin in colon cancer","volume":"9","author":"Ripple","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B175","first-page":"7256","article-title":"Induction of chromosomal instability in colonic cells by the human Polyomavirus JC Virus","volume":"63","author":"Ricciardiello","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2006.02.061","article-title":"Association of JC Virus T-Antigen expression with the methylator phenotype in sporadic colorectal cancers","volume":"130","author":"Goel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.81188","article-title":"JC Virus T-Antigen in colorectal cancer is associated with p53 expression and chromosomal instability, independent of CpG island methylator phenotype","volume":"11","author":"Nosho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e3181d7a347","article-title":"Patients with sporadic colorectal cancer or advanced adenomatous polyp have elevated anti-JC Virus antibody titer in comparison with healthy controls: a cross-sectional study","volume":"44","author":"Niv","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e100036","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100036","article-title":"MicroRNA miR-J1-5p as a potential biomarker for JC Virus infection in the gastrointestinal tract","volume":"9","author":"Link","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2006.00354.x","article-title":"High JC Virus load in gastric cancer and adjacent non-cancerous mucosa","volume":"98","author":"Murai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5579","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.5579","article-title":"Genetic and epigenetic characteristics of gastric cancers with JC Virus T-Antigen","volume":"15","author":"Yamaoka","year":"2009","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2009.184","article-title":"The presence of JC Virus in gastric carcinomas correlates with patient's age, intestinal histological type and aberrant methylation of tumor suppressor genes","volume":"23","author":"Ksiaa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-007-0534-0","article-title":"High JC Virus load in tongue carcinomas may be a risk factor for tongue tumorigenesis","volume":"452","author":"Kutsuna","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.22240","article-title":"The high incidence of JC Virus infection in urothelial carcinoma tissue in Taiwan","volume":"83","author":"Shen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.21873\/cgp.20013","article-title":"Archetype and rearranged non-coding Control Regions in urothelial bladder carcinoma of immunocompetent individuals","volume":"13","author":"Anzivino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Genomics Proteomics"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pai.0000213126.96590.64","article-title":"Detection of the JC Virus genome in lung cancers: possible role of the T-Antigen in lung oncogenesis","volume":"15","author":"Abdel-Aziz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol"},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-092611-150154","article-title":"Large T-Antigens of Polyomaviruses: amazing molecular machines","volume":"66","author":"An","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.64.3.1353-1356.1990","article-title":"Large T-Antigens of many Polyomaviruses are able to form complexes with the Retinoblastoma protein","volume":"64","author":"Dyson","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/14.11.2297","article-title":"Role of SV40 T-Antigen binding to pRB and p53 in multistep transformation in vitro of human uroepithelial cells","volume":"14","author":"Kao","year":"1993","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.21005","article-title":"Interplay between the retinoblastoma related pRb2\/p130 and E2F-4 and\u22125 in relation to JCV-TAg","volume":"212","author":"Caracciolo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207018","article-title":"Interaction between JCV large T-Antigen and beta-catenin","volume":"23","author":"Gan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7628","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210576","article-title":"A novel role of Rac1 GTPase in JCV T-Antigen-mediated beta-catenin stabilization","volume":"26","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3835(96)04448-5","article-title":"High titers of antibodies to two human polyomaviruses, JCV and BKV, correlate with increased frequency of chromosomal damage in human lymphocytes","volume":"109","author":"Lazutka","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2690","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.7.2690","article-title":"Hypothesis: \u201cRogue cell\u201d-type chromosomal damage in lymphocytes is associated with infection with the JC human polyoma virus and has implications for oncopenesis","volume":"93","author":"Neel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(91)90008-Y","article-title":"Expression of SV40 large T-Antigen, but not small t-antigen, is required for the induction of chromosomal aberrations in transformed human cells","volume":"180","author":"Stewart","year":"1991","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2007.02.015","article-title":"Alterations of DNA damage repair pathways resulting from JCV infection","volume":"364","author":"Darbinyan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/0955-0674(92)90005-W","article-title":"Exploring the pathways of homologous recombination","volume":"4","author":"Haber","year":"1992","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.1999.00805.x","article-title":"Nonhomologous DNA end joining in cell-free systems","volume":"265","author":"Labhart","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17231","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110885200","article-title":"Insulin receptor substrate 1 translocation to the nucleus by the human JC Virus T-Antigen","volume":"277","author":"Lassak","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20425","article-title":"T-Antigen of the human Polyomavirus JC attenuates faithful DNA repair by forcing nuclear interaction between IRS-1 and Rad51","volume":"206","author":"Trojanek","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2018.12.014","article-title":"Viral replication centers and the DNA damage response in JC Virus-infected cells","volume":"528","author":"Erickson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0897-917","article-title":"A novel anti-apoptosis gene, Survivin, expressed in cancer and lymphoma","volume":"3","author":"Ambrosini","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2009.146","article-title":"IGF-IR-dependent expression of Survivin is required for T-Antigen-mediated protection from apoptosis and proliferation of neural progenitors","volume":"17","author":"Gualco","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell Death Diff"},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-32957-9_23","article-title":"BK Virus, JC Virus and Simian Virus 40 infection in humans, and association with human tumors","volume":"577","author":"Barbanti-Brodano","year":"2006","journal-title":"Polyomaviruses Hum Dis"},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/gev004","article-title":"Human JC virus small tumour antigen inhibits nucleotide excision repair and sensitises cells to DNA-damaging agents","volume":"30","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2807","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.5.2807-2818.2003","article-title":"Simian Virus 40 small tumor antigen induces deregulation of the actin cytoskeleton and tight junctions in kidney epithelial cells","volume":"77","author":"Nunbhakdi-Craig","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.13.4.397","article-title":"A sarcoma of the fowl transmissible by an agent separable from the tumor cells","volume":"13","author":"Rous","year":"1911","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1452","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus: 40 years on","volume":"4","author":"Young","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7997879","article-title":"Identification of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma","volume":"266","author":"Chang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199505043321802","article-title":"Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-related body-cavity-based lymphomas","volume":"332","author":"Cesarman","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199505043321801","article-title":"Detection of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with and those without HIV infection","volume":"332","author":"Moore","year":"1995","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/94.24.1832","article-title":"New associations of human Papillomavirus, Simian Virus 40, and Epstein-Barr virus with human cancer","volume":"94","author":"Wong","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.20641","article-title":"Investigation of human brain tumors for the presence of polyomavirus genome sequences by two independent laboratories","volume":"113","author":"Rollison","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8916","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00340-13","article-title":"Landscape of DNA virus associations across human malignant cancers: analysis of 3,775 cases using RNA-Seq","volume":"87","author":"Khoury","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2017.10.017","article-title":"Viral sequences in human cancer","volume":"513","author":"Cantalupo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1177\/39.3.1704393","article-title":"Effect of fixation on the amplification of nucleic acids from paraffin-embedded material by the polymerase chain reaction","volume":"39","author":"Ben-Ezra","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem"},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2007.00073.x","article-title":"Effects of formalin fixation, paraffin embedding, and time of storage on DNA preservation in brain tissue: a BrainNet Europe study","volume":"17","author":"Ferrer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"B218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3695","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.11.3695","article-title":"Regulation of the host range of human Papovavirus JCV","volume":"84","author":"Feigenbaum","year":"1987","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fonc.2019.00711\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T23:00:01Z","timestamp":1695078001000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fonc.2019.00711\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]]},"references-count":218,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fonc.2019.00711"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2019.00711","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-943X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-943X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]]},"article-number":"711"}}