{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:41:44Z","timestamp":1791981704947,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004515","name":"Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004515","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Small cell prostate neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCPC) is a rare and highly aggressive malignant tumor. We present a case of a 52-year-old Iranian man, presenting with complaints of occasional gross hematuria and perineal pain for 6\u00a0months. PSA was 0.8\u00a0ng\/ml. A digital rectal examination found a huge and hard prostate mass. He underwent a transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy of the prostate. Histopathology showed high-grade small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Immunohistochemical markers were positive for synaptophysin with a Ki67 index of almost 100%. However, CD56 and chromogranin A markers were negative. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate showed a prostate mass with invasion to the rectum, while contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis (CT TAP) ruled out metastasis. A multidisciplinary team discussion was carried out, and a decision was made for concurrent chemotherapy and radiation (cisplatin and etoposide for 4 cycles and 70\u00a0Gy, 35 fractions). There is a lack of consensus on the management of SCPC. The main modality of management in advanced (stage IV) disease is chemotherapy. It is a highly aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis and is not responsive to hormonal therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1009146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T11:00:17Z","timestamp":1664794817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A rare case of prostate neuroendocrine tumor: A case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Shunxing","family":"Teh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fam Xeng","family":"Inn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iqbal Hussain","family":"Rizuana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan 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