{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:10:58Z","timestamp":1753891858174,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Personalized medicine using molecular-targeted drugs to achieve better therapeutic response and long-term prognosis is common practice for lung cancer treatment. However, in cases before gene batch tests were available, medical treatment continued without the detection of rare mutations. We report a sixty-seven-old year man diagnosed with adenocarcinoma T1cN3M1a, stage IVA. Initial screening performed 7 years earlier using\u00a0EGFR\u00a0mutation and ALK immunohistochemical tests were negative. Although first-line cytotoxic combination chemotherapy was remarkably effective, a gradual regression of the primary lesion was noted. After a recent bronchoscopic re-biopsy, <jats:italic>RET<\/jats:italic> fusion was detected by gene panel test. In addition, we were able to confirm <jats:italic>RET<\/jats:italic> from FFPE specimens obtained from 7-year-old pleural effusion cell blocks. Subsequent administration of the molecular-targeted drug selpercatinib, was highly effective for the primary lesion and all metastatic lesions including brain metastases. We describe a case of <jats:italic>RET<\/jats:italic> fusion-positive lung cancer where molecular targeted therapy and cytotoxic drug showed a drastic response and long-term therapy was well maintained. Next generation sequencing was able to correctly diagnose <jats:italic>RET<\/jats:italic> fusion mutation using re-biopsy specimen after going undiagnosed for 7 years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1019932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,14]],"date-time":"2022-11-14T06:25:12Z","timestamp":1668407112000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["RET fusion mutation detected by re-biopsy 7 years after initial cytotoxic chemotherapy: A case 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