{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T19:11:42Z","timestamp":1768417902957,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>A severe side effect of cancer chemotherapy is the development of gastrointestinal mucositis, characterised by mucosal inflammation. We investigated if 2-deoxy-2-[<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F] fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (2-[<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]FDG-PET\/CT) could visualise gastrointestinal mucositis in mice treated with the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, gastrointestinal inflammation was longitudinally evaluated by 2-[<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]FDG-PET\/CT scans before and 1, 3, 6, and 10 days after treatment with doxorubicin. Doxorubicin-treated mice were compared to saline-treated littermates using the abdominal standard uptake value of 2-[<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]FDG corrected for body weight (SUV<jats:sub>BW<\/jats:sub>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Abdominal SUV<jats:sub>BW<\/jats:sub> was significantly increased on day 1 (p &amp;lt; 0.0001), day 3 (p &amp;lt; 0.0001), and day 6 (p &amp;lt; 0.05) in the doxorubicin-treated group compared to controls. Abdominal SUV<jats:sub>BW<\/jats:sub> returned to baseline levels on day 10. In the doxorubicin group, the largest weight loss was observed on day 3 (control <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> doxorubicin, mean percent of baseline weight: (98.5 \u00b1 3.2% <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 87.9 \u00b1 4.6%, p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Moreover, in the doxorubicin-treated group, villus lengths were decreased by 23-28% on days 1 and 3 in the small intestine (p &amp;lt; 0.05), and jejunal levels of tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1\u03b2 were significantly increased on day 3 (p &amp;lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Together, these findings indicate that sequential 2-[<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]FDG-PET\/CT scans can objectively quantify and evaluate the development and resolution of intestinal inflammation over time in a mouse model of doxorubicin-induced mucositis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1061804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T08:20:29Z","timestamp":1671092429000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["PET\/CT imaging detects intestinal inflammation in a mouse model of doxorubicin-induced 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