{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T11:02:23Z","timestamp":1778842943581,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although several epidemiological studies have attempted to evaluate the relationship between cholecystectomy and gastric cancer risk, the findings have been controversial. This study aimed to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis following the reporting guidelines to comprehensively analyze and quantify the evidence of the aforementioned association.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies were identified by searching the Medline (PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science from inception to November 30, 2020, with only studies published in English being considered. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by random-effects models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight studies (five cohort studies and three case\u2013control studies) with a total of 26,063 gastric cancer patients and 848,081 participants were included. The summarized RR of the relationship between cholecystectomy and gastric cancer risk was 1.11 (95%CI: 1.03\u20131.20), with low heterogeneity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.117, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 37.8%). These positive findings were consistent in most subgroup analyses like region in Asia, number of cases \u2265200, cohort study design, sex in male, low risk of bias, exposure collection by database, and adjustments made for age, gender, calendar year. Of note, we also observed positive association between cholecystectomy and non-cardia of gastric cancer risk (RR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.04\u20131.33). No publication bias was present.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aforementioned evidence suggested that a history of cholecystectomy was associated with a slightly elevated risk of gastric cancer. Results of most subgroup analyses also supported the main findings. More prospective studies are warranted to further validate these findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.667736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T05:55:15Z","timestamp":1643608515000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Association Between Cholecystectomy and Gastric Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Hua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31937","article-title":"Estimating the Global Cancer Incidence and Mortality in 2018: GLOBOCAN Sources and Methods","volume":"144","author":"Ferlay","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29411","article-title":"Healthy Lifestyle Index and Risk of Gastric Adenocarcinoma in the EPIC Cohort Study","volume":"137","author":"Buckland","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28999","article-title":"Global Burden of Gastric Cancer Attributable to Helicobacter Pylori","volume":"136","author":"Plummer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7314\/apjcp.2014.15.13.5293","article-title":"Salt Processed Food and Gastric Cancer in a Chinese Population","volume":"15","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-9-63","article-title":"Nationwide Epidemiological Study of Severe Gallstone Disease in Taiwan","volume":"9","author":"Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097-0096(199901)27:1<1::aid-jcu1>3.0.co;2-h","article-title":"Prevalence of Gallstones in Sonographic Surveys Worldwide","volume":"27","author":"Kratzer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-016-0159-9","article-title":"Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Without Intraoperative Cholangiography: Role of Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography - 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