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Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the ability of potential imaging biomarkers based on <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-AlF-NOTA-PRGD2 positron emission tomography\/computed tomography (<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-RGD PET\/CT) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) imaging to predict the response to bevacizumab combined with conventional therapy in postoperative newly diagnosed glioblastoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty patients with newly diagnosed with glioblastoma after surgery were prospectively enrolled to receive bevacizumab plus conventional concurrent radiotherapy and temozolomide (CCRT). <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-RGD PET\/CT and DCE-MRI were performed at baseline, week 3, and week 10 for each patient. Statistical methods included the analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kaplan\u2013Meier method and Cox proportional hazard analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All patients completed CCRT plus bevacizumab therapy without interruption. The median follow-up time was 33.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 28.3-39.5 months). The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was 9.66 months (95% CI, 6.20-13.12 months) and 15.89 months (95% CI, 13.89-17.78), respectively. Treatment was generally well tolerated, and there were no Treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs) with a toxicity grade equal to or exceeding 3 or that led to termination of treatment or patient death.Over the treatment interval of bevacizumab therapy from week 3 to week 10, patients with a large decrease of SUVmean was associated with a better PFS with a hazard ratio (HR) of 6.562, 95% CI (1.318-32.667), p=0.022. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, patients with a decrease in the SUVmean of more than 0.115 on <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-RGD PET\/CT had a longer PFS than those with a decrease in the SUVmean of 0.115 or less (12.25 months vs.7.46 months, p=0.009). For OS, only a small decrease of Ktrans was also found to have certain prognostic value (HR=0.986, 95% CI (0.975-0.998), p=0.023). Patients with a decrease in Ktrans\u00a0larger than 37.03 (min-1) on DCE-MRI had worse OS than those with a decrease in Ktrans\u00a0of 37.03 (min-1) or less\u00a0(15.93 months vs. 26.42 months, p=0.044).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-RGD PET\/CT and DCE-MRI may be valuable in evaluating the response of glioblastoma to treatment with the combination of bevacizumab and CCRT, with a greater decrease in SUV<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub> predicting better PFS as well as a small decrease in K<jats:sup>trans<\/jats:sup> predicting improved OS. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.848266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]],"date-time":"2022-08-26T08:16:25Z","timestamp":1661501785000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Potential 18F-RGD PET\/CT and DCE-MRI Imaging-Based Biomarkers for Postoperative Survival Prediction Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Treated With Bevacizumab and Chemoradiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rongjie","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuqiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaoqiu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanhu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuhui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinming","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuanghu","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0708126","article-title":"Malignant 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