{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T22:35:50Z","timestamp":1765233350352,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an extramedullary malignant tumor composed of immature myeloid cells. It occurs in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), or chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). MS may coincide with disease diagnosis or precede bone marrow involvement by months or even years; it can also represent the extramedullary manifestation of a relapse (<jats:xref>1<\/jats:xref>, <jats:xref>2<\/jats:xref>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study is to describe clinical characteristics of children diagnosed with MS in Poland as well as to analyze diagnostic methods, treatment, and outcomes including overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and event-free survival (EFS). The study also attempted to identify factors determining treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study group comprised 43 patients (F=18, M=25) aged 0-18 years (median age, 10.0 years; mean age, 8.8 years) diagnosed with MS based on tumor biopsy and immunohistochemistry or identification of underlying bone marrow disease and extramedullary tumor according to imaging findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The clinical data and diagnostic and therapeutic methods used in the study group were analyzed. A statistical analysis of the treatment outcomes was conducted with STATISTICA v. 13 (StatSoft, Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA) and analysis of survival curves was conducted with MedCalc 11.5.1 (MedCalc Software, Ostend, Belgium). Statistical significance was considered at p&amp;lt;0.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the study group, MS was most frequently accompanied by AML. The most common site of involvement was skin, followed by orbital region. Skin manifestation of MS was more common in the age group &amp;lt;10 years. The most frequent genetic abnormality was the t(8;21)(q22;q22) translocation. The 5-year OS probability (pOS), 5-year RFS probability (pRFS), and 5-year EFS probability (pEFS) were 0.67 \u00b1 0.08, 0.79 \u00b1 0.07, and 0.65 \u00b1 0.08, respectively. In patients with isolated MS and those with concurrent bone marrow involvement by AML\/MDS, pOS values were 0.56 \u00b1 0.12 and 0.84 \u00b1 0.09 (p=0.0251), respectively, and pEFS values were 0.56 \u00b1 0.12 and 0.82 \u00b1 0.08 (p=0.0247), respectively. In patients with and without the t(8;21)(q22;q22) translocation, pEFS values were 0.90 \u00b1 0.09 and 0.51 \u00b1 0.14 (p=0.0490), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>MS is a disease with a highly variable clinical course. Worse treatment outcomes were observed in patients with isolated MS compared to those with concurrent bone marrow involvement by AML\/MDS. Patients with the t(8;21)(q22;q22) translocation were found to have significantly higher pEFS. MS location, age group, chemotherapy regimen, surgery, and\/or radiotherapy did not have a significant influence on treatment outcomes. Further exploration of prognostic factors in children with MS is indicated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.935373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T06:23:54Z","timestamp":1657175034000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Myeloid Sarcoma in Children: The Experience of the Polish Pediatric Leukemia and Lymphoma Study Group"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Samborska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Bara\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacek","family":"Wachowiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jolanta","family":"Skalska-Sadowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheanda","family":"Thambyrajah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Czoga\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walentyna","family":"Balwierz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylwia","family":"Ko\u0142tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Peszy\u0144ska-\u017belazny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariusz","family":"Wysocki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Ociepa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Urasi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gra\u017cyna","family":"Wr\u00f3bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jadwiga","family":"W\u0119c\u0142awek-Tompol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bogna","family":"Ukielska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alicja","family":"Chybicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Kitszel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryna","family":"Krawczuk-Rybak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Szmydki-Baran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iwona","family":"Malinowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Matysiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Mizia-Malarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Tomaszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Szczepa\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Choda\u0142a-Grzywacz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gra\u017cyna","family":"Karolczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucyna","family":"Maciejka-Kemb\u0142owska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ninela","family":"Irga-Jaworska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanda","family":"Badowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Dopiera\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Kurzawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Derwich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Observations of Surgical Anatomy, Head and Neck","year":"1811","author":"Burns","key":"B1"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"97","article-title":"A Case of Chloroma","volume":"1853","author":"King","year":"1853","journal-title":"Monthly J Med"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/2040620711410774","article-title":"Myeloid Sarcoma: Current Approach and Therapeutic Options","volume":"2","author":"Avni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ther Adv Hematol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2012.10.014","article-title":"Is There a \u201cGold\u201d Standard Treatment for Patients With Isolated Myeloid Sarcoma","volume":"67","author":"Antic","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioMed Pharmacother"},{"key":"B5","article-title":"Is Acute Myeloid Leukemia a Liquid Tumor? Int","volume":"133","author":"Ohanian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-04-148643","article-title":"Role of Leukemia Cell Invadosome in Extramedullary Infiltration","volume":"114","author":"Stefanidakis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20599","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020599","article-title":"Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and -9 Secreted by Leukemic Cells Increase the Permeability of Blood-Brain Barrier by Disrupting Tight Junction Proteins","volume":"6","author":"Feng","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.22500","article-title":"Chemokine\/chemokine Receptor Interactions in Extramedullary Leukaemia of the Skin in Childhood AML: Differential Roles for CCR2, CCR5, CXCR4 and CXCR7","volume":"55","author":"Faaij","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.20824","article-title":"Extramedullary Infiltration at Diagnosis and Prognosis in Children With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia","volume":"48","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00043426-200310000-00004","article-title":"Extramedullary Leukemia in Children With Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Report From the Children's Cancer Group","volume":"25","author":"Dusenbery","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pediatr Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.23201","article-title":"Superior Outcome of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients With Orbital and CNS Myeloid Sarcoma: A Report From the Children\u2019s Oncology Group","volume":"58","author":"Johnston","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2011.05.023","article-title":"Extramedullary Relapse of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Better Prognosis Than Systemic Relapse","volume":"18","author":"Solh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3046.2011.01546.x","article-title":"Multiple Extramedullary Relapses Without Bone Marrow Involvement After Second Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"16","author":"Yoo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Transplant"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2010.025890","article-title":"Extramedullary Relapses After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome","volume":"95","author":"Clark","year":"2010","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2012.073189","article-title":"Extramedullary Relapse of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcomes","volume":"98","author":"Harris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2015.139162","article-title":"Results and Conclusions of the European Intergroup EURO-LB02 Trial in Children and Adolescents With Lymphoblastic Lymphoma","volume":"102","author":"Landmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/s12254-012-0061-9","article-title":"Development of Treatment and Clinical Results in Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Poland","volume":"6","author":"Balwierz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Memo"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-018-0071-7","article-title":"Successes and Challenges in the Treatment of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Retrospective Analysis of the AML-BFM Trials From 1987 to 2012","volume":"32","author":"Rasche","year":"2018","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B19","first-page":"198","article-title":"Fludarabine, Cytarabine, G-CSF and Idarubicin (FLAG-IDA) for the Treatment of Relapsed or Poor Risk Childhood Acute Leukemia","volume":"42","author":"Yalman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2013.1.596","article-title":"Treatment of Infant Leukemias: Challenge and Promise","volume":"2013","author":"Brown","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-06-788349","article-title":"Confirmed Efficacy of Etoposide and Dexamethasone in HLH Treatment: Long-Term Results of the Cooperative HLH-2004 Study","volume":"130","author":"Bergsten","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.25167","article-title":"Validation of a Multi-Modal Treatment Protocol for Ewing Sarcoma\u2013A Report From the Polish Pediatric Oncology Group","volume":"61","author":"Raciborska","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15764","article-title":"Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Current Perspectives","volume":"185","author":"Cairo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm4040665","article-title":"Current Approaches in the Treatment of Relapsed and Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"4","author":"Ramos","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.26520","article-title":"Extramedullary Leukemia in Children With Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Population-Based Cohort Study From the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (NOPHO)","volume":"64","author":"St\u00f8ve","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5045\/br.2017.52.3.184","article-title":"Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Isolated Myeloid Sarcoma Without Bone Marrow Involvement: A Single-Institution Experience","volume":"52","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood Res"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2019-0014","article-title":"Radiological and Clinical Patterns of Myeloid Sarcoma","volume":"53","author":"Meyer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiol Oncol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/10428190290012056","article-title":"Isolated Myelosarcoma in Children \u2013 Update and Review","volume":"43","author":"Reinhardt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-018-2492-5","article-title":"Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Patients With Myeloid Sarcoma Without Bone Marrow Involvement in Japan","volume":"108","author":"Taga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Hematol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000727","article-title":"Clinicopathological, Cytogenetic, and Prognostic Analysis of 131 Myeloid Sarcoma Patients","volume":"40","author":"Kawamoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1309\/WYACYWF6NGM3WBRT","article-title":"Leukemia Cutis","volume":"129","author":"Cho-Vega","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-1458","article-title":"Cutaneous Myeloid Sarcoma: Natural History and Biology of an Uncommon Manifestation of Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"93","author":"Hurley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"B33","first-page":"2","article-title":"Extramedullary Leukemia in Children Presenting With Proptosis","volume":"24","author":"Murthy","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2017.02.027","article-title":"Myeloid Sarcoma: Presentation, Diagnosis and Treatment","volume":"17","author":"Almond","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-04-347229","article-title":"How I Treat Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"118","author":"Bakst","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPO58YWIBUBESX","article-title":"Extramedullary Manifestations of Myeloid Neoplasms","volume":"144","author":"Wilson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"B37","article-title":"Genomic Aberrations in Myeloid Sarcoma Without Blood or Bone Marrow Involvement: Characterization of Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Samples by Chromosomal Microarrays","volume":"38","author":"Mirza Kamran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Leuk Res"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2011.045047","article-title":"F-FDG-PET\/CT for Detection of Extramedullary Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"96","author":"Stolzel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.4103\/ijnm.IJNM_10_17","article-title":"Role of FDG PET\/CT in Diagnostic Evaluation of Granulocytic Sarcomas: A Series of 12 Patients","volume":"32","author":"Chandra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Nucl Med"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2404491","article-title":"Myeloid Sarcoma: Clinico-Pathologic, Phenotypic and Cytogenetic Analysis of 92 Adult Patients","volume":"21","author":"Pileri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B41","first-page":"523168","article-title":"Myeloid Sarcoma: Clinicopathologic, Cytogenetic, and Outcome Analysis of 21 Adult Patients","volume":"2011","author":"Al-Khateeb","year":"2011","journal-title":"Leuk Res Treat"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23220","article-title":"Significance of Age in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Younger Than 30 Years: A Common Analysis of the Pediatric Trials AML-BFM 93\/98 and the Adult Trials AMLCG 92\/99 and AMLSG HD93\/98A","volume":"112","author":"Creutzig","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2014.963080","article-title":"Presentation and Outcomes Among Patients With Isolated Myeloid Sarcoma: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database Analysis","volume":"56","author":"Movassaghian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1159\/000253592","article-title":"Prognostic Factors of Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Granulocytic Sarcoma","volume":"122","author":"Lan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Haematol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-717X-8-245","article-title":"Clinicopathologic Features and Responses to Radiotherapy of Myeloid Sarcoma","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2000.02290.x","article-title":"Primary Myelosarcomas Are Associated With a High Rate of Relapse: Report on 34 Children From the Acute Myeloid Leukaemia-Berlin-Frankfurt-M\u00fcnster Studies","volume":"110","author":"Reinhardt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"B47","article-title":"Myeloid Sarcoma Predicts Superior Outcome in Pediatric AML; Can Cytogenetics Solve the Puzzle","volume":"18","author":"Pramanik","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Lymphoma Myeloma"},{"key":"B48","first-page":"245395","article-title":"Recurrence of a T(8;21)-Positive Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the Form of a Granulocytic Sarcoma Involving Cranial Bones: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge","volume":"2013","author":"Di Veroli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Case Rep Hematol"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2011.02.057","article-title":"Radiation Therapy for Chloroma (Granulocytic Sarcoma)","volume":"82","author":"Bakst","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(20000415)88:8<1939::AID-CNCR24>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Good Outcome of Children With Acute Myeloid Leukemia and T(8;21)(Q22;Q22), Even When Associated With Granulocytic Sarcoma: A Report From a Single Institution in Argentina","volume":"88","author":"Felice","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.2.466","article-title":"Extramedullary Leukemia Adversely Affects Hematologic Complete Remission Rate and Overall Survival in Patients With T(8;21)(Q22;Q22): Results From Cancer and Leukemia Group B 8461","volume":"15","author":"Byrd","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2016.04.47","article-title":"Complete Response of Myeloid Sarcoma With Cardiac Involvement to Radiotherapy","volume":"8","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics9030084","article-title":"Long-Lasting Remission in De Novo Breast Myeloid Sarcoma Treated With Decitabine and Radiotherapy","volume":"9","author":"Minoia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2011.041418","article-title":"Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Isolated and Leukemic Myeloid Sarcoma in Adults: A Report From the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation","volume":"96","author":"Chevallier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00697","article-title":"CAR T Cells for Acute Myeloid Leukemia: State of the Art and Future Directions","volume":"10","author":"Mardiana","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B56","first-page":"5061","article-title":"Targeted Therapy in FLT3-ITD Positive Mieloid Sarcoma: Proof of Principle","volume":"130","author":"Grillo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B57","first-page":"2649","article-title":"Safety, Efficacy, and PK of the BCL2 Inhibitor Venetoclax in Combination With Chemotherapy in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients With Relapsed\/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Phase 1 Study","volume":"134","author":"Karol","year":"2019"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCP1ZA7HYZKAZHS","article-title":"Myeloid Sarcoma: Extramedullary Manifestation of Myeloid Disorders","volume":"132","author":"Campidelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2022.935373\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T06:24:35Z","timestamp":1657175075000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2022.935373\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fonc.2022.935373"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2022.935373","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-943X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2234-943X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"article-number":"935373"}}