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GP consists of a heterogeneous group of chronic inflammatory lesions that can be differentiated into four types: idiopathic, infective, iatrogenic, and associated with systemic granulomatous disease. The incidence of GP is growing due to the increase in endourological surgical interventions and the adoption of intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; therefore, the difficulty lies in identifying specific features of GP on mpMRI to avoid the use of transrectal prostate biopsy as much as possible.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1178430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T04:57:44Z","timestamp":1685941064000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for the differential diagnosis between granulomatous prostatitis and prostate cancer: a literature review to an intriguing diagnostic challenge"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Caterina","family":"Gaudiano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Renzetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"De Fino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beniamino","family":"Corcioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Ciccarese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Schiavina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Droghetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Giunchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Brunocilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelangelo","family":"Fiorentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20210916","article-title":"PI-RADS version 2.1 for the evaluation of transition zone lesions: a practical guide for radiologists","volume":"95","author":"Gaudiano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32401-1","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of multi-parametric MRI and TRUS biopsy in prostate cancer (PROMIS): a paired validating confirmatory study","volume":"389","author":"Ahmed","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1801993","article-title":"PRECISION Study Group Collaborators. 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