{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:55:09Z","timestamp":1791608109248,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To develop a scoring system based on independent predictors of the need for ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt after brain tumor resection in pediatric patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 416 pediatric patients (\u2264 14 years old) with brain tumors who underwent surgery were randomly assigned to the training (n = 333) and validation cohorts (n = 83). Based on the implementation of VP shunt, the training cohort was divided into the VP shunt group (n = 35) and the non-VP shunt group (n = 298). Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were performed. A scoring system was developed based on clinical characteristics and operative data, and scores and corresponding risks were calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Age &amp;lt; 3 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.010, odds ratio [OR] = 3.162), blood loss (BL) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.005, OR = 1.300), midline tumor location (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001, OR = 5.750), preoperative hydrocephalus (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.001, OR = 7.044), and total resection (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.025, OR = 0.284) were identified as independent predictors. The area under the curve (AUC) of the scoring system was higher than those of age &amp;lt; 3, BL, midline tumor location, preoperative hydrocephalus, and total resection (0.859 vs. 0.598, 0.717, 0.725, 0.705, and 0.555, respectively; <jats:italic>p <\/jats:italic>&amp;lt; 0.001). Furthermore, the scoring system showed good performance in the validation cohort (AUC = 0.971). The cutoff value for predictive scores was 5.5 points, which categorized patients into low risk (0-5 points) and high risk (6-14 points) groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our scoring system, integrating age &amp;lt; 3, BL, midline tumor location, preoperative hydrocephalus, and total resection, provides a practical evaluation. Scores ranging from 6 to 14 points indicate high risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1248553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T08:53:49Z","timestamp":1697532829000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A scoring system categorizing risk factors to evaluate the need for ventriculoperitoneal shunt in pediatric patients after brain tumor 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