{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:12:08Z","timestamp":1753891928356,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder in which surgery is the only curative therapy. Ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the pyriform sinus resulting from a pathological migration of parathyroid glands along the embryological development is a rare cause of PHPT. We describe a case of a persistent primary hyperparathyroidism after previous unsuccessful surgery due to an ectopic parathyroid adenoma within the pyriform sinus and we review the previous reports on this issue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 62-year-old woman was referred for persistent hypercalcemia following unsuccessful cervical exploratory surgery. Cervical ultrasound did not detect any parathyroid abnormalities. At variance, <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>Tc-sestamibi SPECT\/CT and CT scan of the neck identified a parathyroid adenoma in the left pyriform sinus, which was confirmed by endoscopy. The patient was successfully treated by transoral robotic resection and the pathology confirmed a parathyroid adenoma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the pyriform sinus is so uncommon that only fourteen cases have been reported. However, the pyriform sinus should be considered a possible location of ectopic parathyroid glands, especially in the setting of persistent or recurrent PHPT after parathyroid surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1431561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,19]],"date-time":"2024-08-19T04:31:29Z","timestamp":1724041889000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Persistent primary hyperparathyroidism caused by an ectopic adenoma in the piriform sinus: case report and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Sardella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Seccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Giambalvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Pierotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Dinoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Della 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