{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:37:44Z","timestamp":1791239864588,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma (KS) is a soft tissue lesion that resembles a hyperpigmented angiosarcoma and is typically associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection. It is most frequently observed in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with AIDS, and is also referred to as HIV-associated Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma (AIDS-KS). The disease progresses rapidly, is challenging to manage, and has a high mortality rate. This case report presents a patient with AIDS-KS who experienced relapse after chemotherapy with anthracyclines. Subsequent chemotherapy with the same method had no significant effect. However, complete remission was achieved after the addition of a programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1) inhibitor, as confirmed by pathological biopsy. The PD-1 inhibitor was well-tolerated and had few adverse effects. It also helped to improve the immune reconstitution of the patient. The report highlights the remarkable efficacy of the PD-1 inhibitor in treating AIDS-KS. This provides case support for PD-1 inhibitors for AIDS-KS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1462381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T05:10:59Z","timestamp":1734671459000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Successful treatment of recurrent refractory Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma in AIDS: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongrong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongdong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinchuan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8852221","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8852221","article-title":"Cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems in Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma","volume":"2020","author":"Ngalamika O","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000327","article-title":"Evolving epidemiology of HIV-associated Malignancies","volume":"12","author":"Shiels","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin HIV AIDS"},{"key":"B3","first-page":"172","article-title":"Kaposi sarcoma pathogenesis: A triad of viral infection, oncogenesis and chronic inflammation","volume":"1","author":"Douglas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transl BioMed"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1078155220985589","article-title":"Case of metastatic Kaposi sarcoma successfully treated with anti\u2043PD \u20431 immunotherapy","volume":"27","author":"Cesmeci","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Oncol Pharm Pract"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(22)00097-3","article-title":"PD-1 blockade with pembrolizumab in classic or endemic Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma: a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 study","volume":"23","author":"Delyon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32\u20138","DOI":"10.4067\/s0034-98872018000100032","article-title":"Local radiation treatment of Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma. 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