{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T22:46:49Z","timestamp":1793400409541,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>There are very few reports of gastric cancer (GC) and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) occurring at the same time in the literature. In particular, the collision of GIST and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)-positive gastric carcinoma in a patient with Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia (WM) has never been reported. We report the case of an 80-year-old male who initially presented with dizziness with fatigue for more than 1 month. He underwent total gastrectomy. Pathology revealed GC (moderately to poorly differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma), GIST (low-risk category) and low-grade small B-cell lymphoma with plasmacytoid differentiation. Furthermore, the diagnosis of WM was made after cytomorphologic and immunohistochemical analysis of the patient\u2019s bone marrow revealed the presence of lymphoplasma cells along with the <jats:italic>MYD88 <jats:sup>L265P<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic> mutation and an increased level of serum monoclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM). To our knowledge, this is the first case of such an association where WM occurred with concomitant HER2-positive gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric GIST. A review of the literature concerning the incredibly uncommon simultaneous triple incidence of malignant tumors with distinct histogenesis is presented below.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1554206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T04:11:25Z","timestamp":1747368685000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Synchronous occurrence of Waldenstr\u00f6m macroglobulinemia and HER2-positive gastric adenocarcinoma with gastrointestinal stromal tumor: a rare case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yingming","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhilong","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kesang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianjiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i19.4619","article-title":"HER2 testing in gastric cancer: An update","volume":"22","author":"Abrahao-MaChado","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20862","article-title":"Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: the incidence, prevalence, clinical course, and prognostication in the Preimatinib Mesylate Era","volume":"103","author":"Nilsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4251\/wjgo.v15.i10.1807","article-title":"Synchronous occurrence of gastric cancer and gastrointestinal stromal tumor: A case report and review of the literature","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J Gastrointest Oncol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12507","article-title":"Prevalence and temporal trend of gastric preneoplastic lesions in Asia: A systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.69.4836","article-title":"HER2 testing and clinical decision making in gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma: guideline from the college of american pathologists, american society for clinical pathology, and the american society of clinical oncology","volume":"35","author":"Bartley","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-1128","article-title":"Analysis of circulating tumor DNA and clinical correlates in patients with esophageal, gastroesophageal junction, and gastric adenocarcinoma","volume":"24","author":"Kato","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10120-012-0179-9","article-title":"Prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer by HER2 status and trastuzumab treatment","volume":"16","author":"Shitara","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastric Cancer"},{"key":"B8","article-title":"Tumor production in the glandular stomach and alimentary tract of the rat by N-methyl-N\u2019-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine","volume":"30","author":"Sugimura","year":"1970","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19840301)53:5<1088:aid-cncr2820530512>3.0.co;2-y","article-title":"Experimental models for gastric leiomyosarcoma. 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