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The cause of cancerogenesis in this patient was a genetic predisposition resulting from mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRD). Herein, we present the fatal course of the disorder, challenging treatment decisions and need for special approach to the patients with CMMRD-associated malignant proliferation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1580494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T05:20:55Z","timestamp":1747372855000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Synchronous childhood T-lymphoblastic lymphoma and B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with constitutional MMR deficiency syndrome \u2013a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Joanna","family":"Bulsa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agata Karolina","family":"Pastorczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Mlynarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"S\u0119dek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Szczepanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","article-title":"A review of risk factors for childhood leukemia","volume":"20","author":"Jin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28335","article-title":"Why do young people get cancer","volume":"67","author":"Kentsis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5201923","article-title":"Homozygous PMS2 germline mutations in two families with early-onset haematological Malignancy, brain tumours, HNPCC-associated tumours, and signs of neurofibromatosis type 1","volume":"16","author":"Kr\u00fcger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.02.008","article-title":"International BMMRD Consortium. 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