{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T23:17:48Z","timestamp":1785799068080,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Primary renal well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare. Due to their non-specific nature, the detection and monitoring of NETs remain highly challenging. Here, we report a case of a 45-year-old man who was admitted after an incidental finding of a space-occupying lesion in the kidney during a routine physical examination. The patient underwent CT and MRI multimodal imaging, followed by pathological and immunohistochemical analysis after surgery, leading to a diagnosis of well-differentiated renal NET. He was subsequently followed up for a long period. A review of the literature, in conjunction with this case, revealed that these tumors present with non-specific clinical and imaging features. Diagnosis primarily relies on pathological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Well-differentiated renal neuroendocrine tumors are associated with low malignant potential and a favorable prognosis. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice, and long-term follow-up is essential to monitor the patient\u2019s condition. By combining this case with existing literature, we aim to provide valuable insights for clinicians in the diagnosis and management of renal NETs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1597024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T05:43:23Z","timestamp":1768196603000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multimodal imaging findings of primary renal well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoid): a case report and literature 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