{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T20:40:16Z","timestamp":1757623216457,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Melanoma incidence is rising globally, yet epidemiological data from Latin America remain limited. In low- and middle-income countries, such data are essential for shaping evidence-based public health strategies. <\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the demographic, clinical, and pathological characteristics of melanoma in Chile using a multi-institutional registry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a multicenter observational cohort study including patients \u226518 years with histologically confirmed melanoma diagnosed between 2014 and 2022 at one public and one private tertiary center in Santiago. Demographic, clinical, pathological, molecular, and survival data for cutaneous melanoma were analyzed using descriptive and survival statistics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1,037 patients were included, of whom 979 (94.4%) had cutaneous melanoma. Among these patients, median age was 55 years and 54.8% were female. Cutaneous melanoma was more often diagnosed at early stages, particularly in the private setting. The most frequent histopathological subtypes were superficial spreading (31.6%), nodular (17.8%), and acral lentiginous melanoma (9.3%). Self-detection was the most common mode of identification (52.8%). Among patients with stage III\u2013IV cutaneous melanoma tested for <jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic>, 47.6% were positive. Higher risk of death was associated with advanced stage, nodular or amelanotic subtypes, <jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic>-mutant tumors, male sex, and age \u226565 years. Only 34.8% of patients with stage IIB\u2013IV cutaneous melanoma received systemic therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study offers the most comprehensive characterization of melanoma in Chile to date, underscoring survival disparities by clinical, pathological, and healthcare access factors. Findings highlight the urgent need to expand access to early detection, molecular testing, and systemic therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1604442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T04:18:52Z","timestamp":1757391532000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Melanoma in Chile: demographics and clinico-pathological features"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Erica C.","family":"Koch Hein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maysa","family":"Vilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Araya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Abarz\u00faa-Araya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Ant\u00fanez-Lay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Consuelo","family":"C\u00e1rdenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Camilo","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Dominguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Droppelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Droppelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Galindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augusto","family":"Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Madrid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ximena","family":"Mimica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Montserrat","family":"Molg\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Mondaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo H.","family":"Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Uribe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Villaseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Vin\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Celeste","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Navarrete-Dechent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa1502583","article-title":"The genetic evolution of melanoma from precursor lesions","volume":"373","author":"Shain","year":"2015","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.35463","article-title":"Global burden of cutaneous melanoma incidence attributable to ultraviolet radiation in 2022","volume":"157","author":"Langselius","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B3","article-title":"Bethesda, M. Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) program","volume-title":"Cancer stat facts: melanoma of the skin","year":""},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33588","article-title":"Cancer statistics for the year 2020: An overview","volume":"149","author":"Ferlay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2022.0160","article-title":"Global burden of cutaneous melanoma in 2020 and projections to 2040","volume":"158","author":"Arnold","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"B6","volume-title":"U.S. Cancer Statistics Data Visualizations Tool, based on 2022 submission data (1999-2020)","year":""},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmclc.2018.06.006","article-title":"Melanoma en Chile \u00bfCu\u00e1l es nuestra realidad","volume":"29","author":"Sabatini-Ugarte","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev M\u00e9dica Cl\u00ednica Las Condes"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1020-49892011001100005","article-title":"Cutaneous melanoma in Latin America: the need for more data","volume":"30","author":"Schmerling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev Panamericana Salud P\u00fablica"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6509","DOI":"10.5867\/medwave.2016.07.6509","article-title":"Assessing the economic impact of cancer in Chile: a direct and indirect cost measurement based on 2009 registries","volume":"16","author":"Cid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medwave"},{"key":"B10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Primer informe de registros pobla- cionales de cancer de Chile","volume-title":"Quinquenio 2003-2007","author":"Chile","year":""},{"key":"B11","article-title":"The health system of Chile","author":"Becerril-Montekio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Salud p\u00fablica M\u00e9xico"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-015-0427-8","article-title":"Extracutaneous melanomas: a primer for the radiologist","volume":"6","author":"Keraliya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"B13","article-title":"Servicio de salud metropolitano sur oriente","volume-title":"Perfil institucional","author":"Gattini","year":"2015"},{"key":"B14","volume-title":"AJCC cancer staging manual","author":"Amin","year":"2017"},{"key":"B15","volume-title":"Head and neck tumours","year":"2024"},{"key":"B16","volume-title":"Urinary and male genital tumours","year":"2022"},{"key":"B17","volume-title":"Female genital tumours","year":"2020"},{"key":"B18","volume-title":"Digestive system tumours","year":"2019"},{"key":"B19","volume-title":"Eye tumours (Eye and orbit)","year":"2023"},{"key":"B20","volume-title":"Skin tumours","year":"2022"},{"key":"B21","volume-title":"P. Protocol for the examination of biopsy specimens from patients with invasive melanoma of the skin, version 1.1.0.0","year":"2025"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/era.10.170","article-title":"A new understanding in the epidemiology of melanoma","volume":"10","author":"Erdei","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anticancer Ther"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-0972-8","article-title":"Melanoma characteristics in Brazil: demographics, treatment, and survival analysis","volume":"8","author":"Vazquez Vde","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2020.1017","article-title":"Cutaneous melanoma in Argentina: an analysis of its characteristics and regional differences","volume":"14","author":"Loria","year":"2020","journal-title":"ecancermedicalscience"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-016-5394-x","article-title":"Melanoma in Mexico: clinicopathologic features in a population with predominance of acral lentiginous subtype","volume":"23","author":"Lino-Silva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2025.102784","article-title":"Incidence and survival of patients with melanoma in Colombia","volume":"96","author":"Oliveros","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5826\/dpc.1304a273","article-title":"Cutaneous Malignant melanoma in Chile: differences in tumor thickness and overall survival between patients from public and private health care centers","author":"Mart\u00ednez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dermatol Pract Conceptual"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/0717-6287-47-34","article-title":"Malignant melanoma in Chile: different site distribution between private and state patients","volume":"47","author":"Zemelman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol Res"},{"key":"B29","article-title":"An\u00e1lisis descriptivo de 561 biopsias con diagn\u00f3stico de melanoma entre los a\u00f1os 2006 y 2012 en un laboratorio de dermatopatolog\u00eda de la regi\u00f3n metropolitana","volume":"30","author":"Bobadilla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Chil Dermatol"},{"key":"B30","article-title":"An\u00e1lisis de la correlaci\u00f3n cl\u00ednico-histopatol\u00f3gica de tumores cut\u00e1neos Malignos\/Analysis of clinical and histopathological correlation in Malignant skin tumours","volume":"22","author":"Schwartz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev Chil. Dermatol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jgo.20.00005","article-title":"Demographic, clinical, and pathologic features of patients with cutaneous melanoma: final analysis of the Brazilian melanoma group database","author":"Wainstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCO Global Oncol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1516-31802008000100008","article-title":"Cutaneous melanoma: descriptive epidemiological study","volume":"126","author":"Ferrari J\u00fanior","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sao Paulo Med J"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21763","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2023","volume":"73","author":"Siegel","year":"2023","journal-title":"CA: A Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21332","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2016","volume":"66","author":"Siegel","year":"2016","journal-title":". CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-020-01144-5","article-title":"Understanding the impact of sex and stage differences on melanoma cancer patient survival: a SEER-based study","volume":"124","author":"Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12236","article-title":"Trends in incidence and predictions of cutaneous melanoma across Europe up to 2015","volume":"28","author":"Arnold","year":"2014","journal-title":". J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-200504000-00007","article-title":"Effect of primary site on prognosis in patients with cutaneous Malignant melanoma. A study using a new model to analyse anatomical locations","volume":"15","author":"Gillgren","year":"2005","journal-title":"Melanoma Res"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13052","article-title":"Comparison of anatomical locations of cutaneous melanoma in men and women: a population-based study in France","volume":"171","author":"Chevalier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/cmr.0000000000000170","article-title":"Time trends in incidence of cutaneous melanoma by detailed anatomical location and patterns of ultraviolet radiation exposure: a retrospective population-based study","volume":"25","author":"Gordon","year":"2015","journal-title":". Melanoma Res"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22034\/apjcp.2017.18.11.3081","article-title":"Primary locations of Malignant melanoma lesions depending on patients\u2019 Gender and age","volume":"18","author":"Stanienda-Sok\u00f3\u0142","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.12.028","article-title":"Association between the anatomic distribution of melanoma and sex","volume":"56","author":"Clark","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2016.02.005","article-title":"The burden of cutaneous melanoma and status of preventive measures in Central and South America","volume":"44","author":"de Vries","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20000715)89:2<342::aid-cncr19>3.0.co;2-p","article-title":"Patterns of detection in patients with cutaneous melanoma","volume":"89","author":"Brady","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2021.3884","article-title":"Association between melanoma detected during routine skin checks and mortality","volume":"157","author":"Watts","year":"2021","journal-title":". JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1183","article-title":"Feasibility of targeted early detection for melanoma: a population-based screening study","volume":"82","author":"Melia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-010-9328-4","article-title":"Impact of socioeconomic status and sociodemographic factors on melanoma presentation among ethnic minorities","volume":"36","author":"Wich","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Community Health"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12800","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and cutaneous Malignant melanoma in Northern Europe","volume":"170","author":"Idorn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/ddg.15539","article-title":"Evaluation of skin cancer screening in Germany - a Microsimulation","volume":"23","author":"Baltus","year":"2025","journal-title":". J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.4342","article-title":"Screening for skin cancer: US preventive services task force recommendation statement","volume":"329","author":"Mangione","year":"2023","journal-title":". JAMA"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.27953","article-title":"A review of melanoma subtypes: genetic and treatment considerations","volume":"131","author":"Druskovich","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2023.107692","article-title":"Acral lentiginous melanoma incidence by sex, race, ethnicity, and stage in the United States, 2010-2019","volume":"175","author":"Holman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2020.02.010","article-title":"Acral lentiginous melanoma: incidence and survival in the United States, 2006-2015, an analysis of the SEER registry","volume":"251","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0b013e3282f1d2b6","article-title":"Acral cutaneous melanoma in a Spanish Caucasian population","author":"Avil\u00e9s-Izquierdo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Melanoma Res"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2017.09.027","article-title":"Clinical, epidemiological, and molecular heterogeneity in acral melanoma","volume":"138","author":"Carrera","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2010.0671","article-title":"Association of socioeconomic status with Breslow thickness and disease-free and overall survival in stage I-II primary cutaneous melanoma","volume":"86","author":"Mandal\u00e0","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7039.1125","article-title":"Incidence and thickness of primary tumours and survival of patients with cutaneous Malignant melanoma in relation to socioeconomic status","volume":"312","author":"MacKie","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ: Br Med J"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.07805.x","article-title":"Factors associated with a high tumour thickness in patients with melanoma","volume":"156","author":"Baumert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci9040063","article-title":"Epidemiology of melanoma","volume":"9","author":"Saginala","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Sci"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186x.2016.1144934","article-title":"Cutaneous Malignant melanoma show geographic and socioeconomic disparities in stage at diagnosis and excess mortality","volume":"55","author":"Str\u00f6mberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2013.03.013","article-title":"Low level of education is associated with later stage at diagnosis and reduced survival in cutaneous Malignant melanoma: a nationwide population-based study in Sweden","volume":"49","author":"Eriksson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25540","article-title":"Association between melanoma thickness, clinical skin examination and socioeconomic status: results of a large population-based study","volume":"128","author":"Youl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2012.2937","article-title":"Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics associated with thick melanomas. A population-based, case-case study in France","volume":"148","author":"Grange","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1159\/000441524","article-title":"Impact of socioeconomic status and ethnicity on melanoma presentation and recurrence in caucasian patients","volume":"90","author":"Salvaggio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13500","article-title":"Socioeconomic and lifestyle factors and melanoma: a systematic review","volume":"172","author":"Jiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"B65","unstructured":"NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN guidelines"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz411","article-title":"Cutaneous melanoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"30","author":"Michielin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2020.00113","article-title":"The current state of molecular testing in the BRAF-mutated melanoma landscape","author":"Vanni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Mol Biosci"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2010.32.4327","article-title":"Prognostic and clinicopathologic associations of oncogenic BRAF in metastatic melanoma","volume":"29","author":"Long","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00766","article-title":"Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer","volume":"417","author":"Davies","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16061215","article-title":"Mutations in the serine\/threonine kinase BRAF: oncogenic drivers in solid tumors","volume":"16","author":"Roa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.Ccr-12-0052","article-title":"Distinguishing clinicopathologic features of patients with V600E and V600K BRAF-mutant metastatic melanoma","volume":"18","author":"Menzies","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148x.2011.00837.x","article-title":"BRAF mutations in cutaneous melanoma are independently associated with age, anatomic site of the primary tumor, and the degree of solar elastosis at the primary tumor site","volume":"24","author":"Bauer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2007.12.7837","article-title":"Meta-analysis of phase II cooperative group trials in metastatic stage IV melanoma to determine progression-free and overall survival benchmarks for future phase II trials","volume":"26","author":"Korn","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1032300","article-title":"Addressing the unmet needs of patients with BRAF-mutated melanoma in Latin America: Expert perspective","volume":"13","author":"Salman","year":"2023","journal-title":". Front Oncol"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"j2813","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j2813","article-title":"Pathologists\u2019 diagnosis of invasive melanoma and melanocytic proliferations: observer accuracy and reproducibility study","author":"Elmore","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2025.1604442\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T04:19:00Z","timestamp":1757391540000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2025.1604442\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"references-count":75,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fonc.2025.1604442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2025.1604442","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-943X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-943X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"article-number":"1604442"}}