{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:03:49Z","timestamp":1791475429512,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82260391, 82372541"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82260391, 82372541"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lymphedema, a chronic condition involving lymphatic fluid accumulation, affects over 250 million people worldwide. Liposuction (LS), introduced in 1989, offers a minimally invasive option for non-pitting lymphedema by reducing fibrotic and hypertrophic tissues. However, LS requires ongoing compression therapy as it does not address the underlying lymphatic dysfunction. Although integrated approaches combining LS with lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) or vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) aim to address both fluid removal and lymphatic repair, there remains a lack of consensus regarding the efficacy of these integrated liposuction-based treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by the PRISMA and AMSTAR guidelines included studies from 1996 to 2024. Fifty-two studies (n=2,334) were reviewed and 23 (n=1,028) were analyzed quantitatively. Outcomes mainly included limb volume reduction, reliance on conservative treatment, improvement in infection rates, and improvement in the quality of life (QOL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LS-based treatments significantly reduce volume in both upper and lower limbs (91.08% and 92.03%). Standalone LS reduced limb volume by 99.74% but relied on continuous compression therapy. Combined approaches achieved slightly lower reductions (87.31%), but significantly decreased compression dependence, improved lymphatic function, and enhanced QOL. Furthermore, LS-based interventions were associated with a potential reduction in infection episodes, thereby providing long-term benefits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Liposuction-based therapies effectively manage lymphedema by reducing limb volume and may reduce infections, while improving QOL. In addition, integrated approaches offer additional benefits by directly addressing lymphatic dysfunction and reducing reliance on compression therapy. Standardized methodologies and long-term studies are needed to refine the clinical guidelines and optimize outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier CRD42024616130.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1651472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T05:16:14Z","timestamp":1764134174000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Outcomes after liposuction-based treatment of lymphedema: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Junzhe","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiyao","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shune","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengliang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000009866","article-title":"The vicious circle of stasis, inflammation, and fibrosis in lymphedema","volume":"151","author":"Brown","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plast Reconstruct Surgery"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13561-018-0194-6","article-title":"Worldwide assessment of healthcare personnel dealing with lymphoedema","volume":"8","author":"Schulze","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Econ Rev"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2011.01.007","article-title":"Mathematical model to predict risk for lymphoedema after treatment of cutaneous melanoma","volume":"9","author":"Campanholi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001278","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of breast cancer-related lymphedema in Korea: A nationwide retrospective cohort study","volume":"110","author":"Ahn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S159380","article-title":"Comparison of the effectiveness of complex decongestive therapy and compression bandaging as a method of treatment of lymphedema in the elderly","volume":"13","author":"Zasadzka","year":"2018","journal-title":"CIA"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005993","article-title":"Surgical treatment of lymphedema","volume":"144","author":"Schaverien","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plast Reconstruct Surgery"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(89)90039-8","article-title":"Liposuction in the treatment of lymphoedema; a preliminary report","volume":"42","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surgery"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000002263","article-title":"The charles procedure as part of the modern armamentarium against lymphedema","volume":"85","author":"Hassan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2020.0015","article-title":"Surgical treatment of lymphedema","volume":"155","author":"Ogunleye","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/gs-23-503","article-title":"Surgical treatment algorithm for breast cancer lymphedema\u2014a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Lilja","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gland Surg"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2020.08.010","article-title":"Current operative management and therapeutic algorithm of lymphedema in the lower extremities","volume":"44","author":"Ramachandran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian J Surgery"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11030598","article-title":"Multimodality approach to lymphedema surgery achieves and maintains normal limb volumes: A treatment algorithm to optimize outcomes","volume":"11","author":"Deptula","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCM"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000210","article-title":"Outcomes after microsurgical treatment of lymphedema: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"109","author":"Meuli","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Surgery"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2334-9260","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of liposuction modalities in managing lipedema: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"51","author":"Mortada","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arch Plast Surg"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000007783","article-title":"Surgical treatment of lymphedema: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials. Results of a consensus conference","volume":"147","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plast Reconstruct Surgery"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2021.105906","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"88","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Surgery"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4008","article-title":"AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both","volume":"358","author":"Shea","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-010-9491-z","article-title":"Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses","volume":"25","author":"Stang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-5-13","article-title":"Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample","volume":"5","author":"Hozo","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135","article-title":"Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and\/or interquartile range","volume":"14","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.27985","article-title":"Debulking lymphatic liposuction: are the therapeutic effects limited to the treated limb","volume":"131","author":"Lo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000005429","article-title":"Complete Reduction of Leg Lymphedema after Liposuction: A 5-Year Prospective Study in 67 Patients without Recurrence","volume":"11","author":"Karlsson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plast Reconstruct Surg - Global Open"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1768943","article-title":"Lymphological Liposculpture for Secondary Lymphedema after Breast Cancer and Gynecological Tumors: Long-Term Results after 15 Years","volume":"50","author":"Cornely","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Plast Surg"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2458\/lymph.5871","article-title":"Does liposuction for lymphedema worsen lymphatic injury","volume":"56","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12051727","article-title":"Comparison of the effectiveness of liposuction for lower limb versus upper limb lymphedema","volume":"12","author":"Yoshida","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000004314","article-title":"Liposuction and controlled compression therapy reduce the erysipelas incidence in primary and secondary lymphedema","volume":"10","author":"Karlsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plast Reconstruct Surg - Global Open"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2022.02.081","article-title":"Indocyanine green-guided liposuction for patients presenting with residual nonpitting edema after lymphovenous anastomosis","volume":"75","author":"Lasso","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Plastic Reconstruct Aesthetic Surgery"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-021-02472-3","article-title":"Liposuction in cancer-related lower extremity lymphedema: an investigative study on clinical applications","volume":"20","author":"Xin","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J Surg Onc"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2020.0120","article-title":"Liposuction of breast cancer-related arm lymphedema reduces fat and muscle hypertrophy","volume":"20","author":"Karlsson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lymphatic Res Biol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2020.11.025","article-title":"Liposuction-assisted brachioplasty in breast cancer-related lymphedema: Impact on volume reduction and quality of life","volume":"74","author":"Chollet","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Plastic Reconstruct Aesthetic Surgery"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000004588","article-title":"A single institution multi-disciplinary approach to power-assisted liposuction for the management of lymphedema","volume":"276","author":"Granoff","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Surgery"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000002513","article-title":"Lymphedema liposuction with immediate limb contouring","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plast Reconstruct Surg - Global Open"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2017.11.003","article-title":"Liposuction as an effective treatment for lower extremity lymphoedema: A single surgeon\u2019s experience over nine years","volume":"71","author":"Stewart","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Plastic Reconstruct Aesthetic Surgery"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001912","article-title":"Liposuction Gives Complete Reduction of Arm Lymphedema following Breast Cancer Treatment\u2014A 5-year Prospective Study in 105 Patients without Recurrence","volume":"6","author":"Hoffner","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plast Reconstruct Surg - Global Open"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2018.09.029","article-title":"Treatment of gynaecological cancer related lower limb lymphoedema with liposuction","volume":"151","author":"McGee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2016.0035","article-title":"SF-36 shows increased quality of life following complete reduction of postmastectomy lymphedema with liposuction","volume":"15","author":"Hoffner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lymphatic Res Biol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10325","article-title":"Circumferential suction-assisted lipectomy in the treatment of primary and secondary end-stage lymphoedema of the leg","volume":"104","author":"Lamprou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Surgery"},{"key":"B38","article-title":"Liposuction of postmastectomy arm lymphedema decreases the incidence of erysipelas","volume":"49","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000000597","article-title":"Operative treatment of lymphedema using suction-assisted lipectomy","volume":"77","author":"Greene","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surgery"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-015-4700-3","article-title":"Liposuction for advanced lymphedema: A multidisciplinary approach for complete reduction of arm and leg swelling","volume":"22","author":"Boyages","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-014-3515-y","article-title":"An effective system of surgical treatment of lymphedema","volume":"21","author":"Granzow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2012.01.021","article-title":"Liposuction for chronic lymphoedema of the upper limb: 5 years of experience","volume":"65","author":"Schaverien","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Plastic Reconstruct Aesthetic Surgery"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599812438337","article-title":"Liposuction for the management of submental lymphedema in the head and neck cancer patient","volume":"146","author":"Taylor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.6658","article-title":"Circumferential suction-assisted lipectomy for lymphoedema after surgery for breast cancer","volume":"96","author":"Damstra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Surgery"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2006.4404","article-title":"Adipose tissue dominates chronic arm lymphedema following breast cancer: an analysis using volume rendered CT images","volume":"4","author":"Brorson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"key":"B46","article-title":"Quality of life following liposuction and conservative treatment of arm lymphedema","volume":"39","author":"Brorson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2005.3.66","article-title":"Tissue tonometry before and after liposuction of arm lymphedema following breast cancer","volume":"3","author":"Bagheri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lymphatic Res Biol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/028418600750013195","article-title":"Liposuction gives complete reduction of chronic large arm lymphedema after breast cancer","volume":"39","author":"Brorson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"B49","article-title":"Liposuction combined with controlled compression therapy reduces arm lymphedema more effectively than controlled compression therapy alone","volume":"102","author":"Brorson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02844319709085480","article-title":"Complete reduction of lymphoedema of the arm by liposuction after breast cancer","volume":"31","author":"Brorson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scand J Plast Reconstruct Surg Handb Surgery"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13102872","article-title":"Combination of supramicrosurgical lymphatico-venular anastomosis (sLVA) and lymph-sparing liposuction in treating cancer-related lymphedema: rationale for a regional one-stage approach","volume":"13","author":"Gabriele","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCM"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101905","article-title":"Synchronous supraclavicular vascularized lymph node transfer and liposuction for gynecological cancer-related lower extremity lymphedema: a clinical comparative analysis of three different procedures","volume":"12","author":"Wei","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000005237","article-title":"Outcome analysis of combined surgical approaches in advanced-stage upper extremity breast cancer-related lymphedema","volume":"11","author":"Myung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plast Reconstruct Surg - Global Open"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/02683555231209056","article-title":"Application of complete decongestive therapy after lymphaticovenular anastomosis of the lower limb combined with liposuction-A retrospective study research","volume":"39","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2023.1065733","article-title":"A clinical study of liposuction followed by lymphovenous anastomosis for treatment of breast cancer-related lymphedema","volume":"10","author":"Chang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30990","article-title":"The breast cancer-related lymphedema multidisciplinary approach: Algorithm for conservative and multimodal surgical treatment","volume":"43","author":"Ciudad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-022-06778-y","article-title":"Combining reconstructive and ablative surgical treatment of chronic breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL): safe and effective","volume":"197","author":"Ghazaleh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30855","article-title":"Combined lymph node transfer and suction-assisted lipectomy in lymphedema treatment: A prospective study","volume":"42","author":"Bolletta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10214852","article-title":"Effect of postoperative compression therapy on the success of liposuction in patients with advanced lower limb lymphedema","volume":"10","author":"Yoshida","year":"2021","journal-title":"JCM"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000002695","article-title":"Combined liposuction and physiologic treatment achieves durable limb volume normalization in class II\u2013III lymphedema: A treatment algorithm to optimize outcomes","volume":"86","author":"Brazio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30641","article-title":"A prospective study on combined lymphedema surgery: Gastroepiploic vascularized lymph nodes transfer and lymphaticovenous anastomosis followed by suction lipectomy","volume":"41","author":"Di Taranto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/gs.2020.01.13","article-title":"Single-stage VASER-assisted liposuction and lymphatico-venous anastomoses for the treatment of extremity lymphedema: a case series and systematic review of the literature","volume":"9","author":"Ciudad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gland Surg"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2458\/lymph.4653","article-title":"Microsurgical lymphatic vascular grafting and secondary liposuction: results of combination treatment in secondary lymphedema","volume":"53","author":"Baumeister","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001828","article-title":"Combined surgical treatment for chronic upper extremity lymphedema patients: simultaneous lymph node transfer and liposuction","volume":"83","author":"Lepp\u00e4puska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.24969","article-title":"Staged surgical treatment of extremity lymphedema with dual gastroepiploic vascularized lymph node transfers followed by suction-assisted lipectomy\u2014A prospective study","volume":"117","author":"Agko","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000000853","article-title":"Fibro-lipo-lymph-aspiration with a lymph vessel sparing procedure to treat advanced lymphedema after multiple lymphatic-venous anastomoses: the complete treatment protocol","volume":"78","author":"Campisi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surgery"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-015-1736-3","article-title":"Free lymph node flap transfer and laser-assisted liposuction: a combined technique for the treatment of moderate upper limb lymphedema","volume":"30","author":"Nicoli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20567","article-title":"Treatment of upper limb lymphedema with combination of liposuction, myocutaneous flap transfer, and lymph-fascia grafting: A preliminary study","volume":"29","author":"Qi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000010612","article-title":"Liposuction for Advanced Lymphedema in a Multidisciplinary Team Setting in Australia: 5-Year Follow-Up","volume":"153","author":"Karlsson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"B70","article-title":"Liposuction reduces arm lymphedema without significantly altering the already impaired lymph transport","volume":"31","author":"Brorson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1709275","article-title":"Liposuction for swelling in patients with lymphedema","volume":"377","author":"Greene","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/MDER.S47322","article-title":"Liposuction devices: technology update","volume":"7","author":"Shridharani","year":"2014","journal-title":"MDER"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4671","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000004671","article-title":"Power-assisted liposuction for lymphedema: A cost-utility analysis","volume":"10","author":"Bloom","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plast Reconstruct Surg - Global Open"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000003430","article-title":"Tracking symptoms of patients with lymphedema before and after power-assisted liposuction surgery","volume":"90","author":"Bustos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2020.0115","article-title":"Power-assisted liposuction: an important tool in the surgical management of lymphedema patients","volume":"19","author":"Granoff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lymphatic Res Biol"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbj.12282","article-title":"A novel two-stage surgical approach to treat chronic lymphedema","volume":"20","author":"Granzow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Breast J"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4048\/jbc.2016.19.1.92","article-title":"Vascularized free lymph node flap transfer in advanced lymphedema patient after axillary lymph node dissection","volume":"19","author":"Cook","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Breast Cancer"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.27984","article-title":"Staging approaches to lymphatic surgery: techniques and considerations","volume":"131","author":"Salibian","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001106","article-title":"Comparison of contraction-type and noncontraction-type lymphatic vessels in lymphaticovenous anastomosis for cancer-related unilateral lower limb lymphedema: a retrospective cohort propensity-score-matched outcome analysis","volume":"110","author":"Knoz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Surgery"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2022.106720","article-title":"Impact of retrograde anastomosis during supermicrosurgical lymphaticovenous anastomosis for cancer-related lower limb lymphedema: A retrospective cohort propensity-score-matched outcome analysis","volume":"104","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Surgery"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2025.1651472\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T05:16:16Z","timestamp":1764134176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2025.1651472\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"references-count":80,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fonc.2025.1651472"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2025.1651472","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-943X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-943X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"article-number":"1651472"}}