{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T04:58:11Z","timestamp":1758776291916,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Endometrial carcinosarcoma is a rare, aggressive uterine malignancy, usually affecting postmenopausal women with recognised risk factors such as prolonged unopposed oestrogen exposure, tamoxifen use, pelvic irradiation, or high BMI. We report a 21-year-old Chinese woman with no known risk factors who presented with persistent vaginal bleeding, anaemia, and lower abdominal pain. Investigations showed microcytic hypochromic anaemia, elevated CA125, CA153, CA199, and Human Epididymis Protein 4, and pelvic MRI revealed a malignant endometrial lesion with vaginal involvement and lymphadenopathy. Biopsy confirmed carcinosarcoma with grade 3 endometrioid carcinoma as the epithelial component. Multidisciplinary review recommended extensive laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy, lymphadenectomy, and omentectomy, followed by six cycles of paclitaxel\u2013carboplatin chemotherapy. Histology confirmed the diagnosis, and two-year follow-up showed no recurrence; a postoperative vesicovaginal fistula was surgically repaired. This atypical case in a young, underweight woman without established risk factors challenges current epidemiological assumptions and emphasises the importance of broad diagnostic consideration, timely referral, and comprehensive management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1656841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T04:17:10Z","timestamp":1758773830000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Endometrial carcinosarcoma in a young female with absence of established risk factors: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Na","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shifeng","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donghui","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2022-004073","article-title":"\u2018Endometrial carcinosarcoma\u2019","volume":"33","author":"Bogani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol. Cancer"},{"key":"B2","unstructured":"\u2018Endometrial cancer risk factors\u2019"},{"key":"B3","unstructured":"\u2018Endometrial cancer diagnosis and treatment guidelines 2022 edition\u2019"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2020.10.043","article-title":"\u2018Uterine carcinosarcoma: Contemporary clinical summary, molecular updates, and future research opportunity\u2019","volume":"160","author":"Matsuzaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gynecol. Oncol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.13.1131","article-title":"\u2018Risk of endometrial cancer following estrogen replacement with and without progestins\u2019","volume":"91","author":"Weiderpass","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1028-4559(09)60260-6","article-title":"\u2018Irradiation-induced uterine Malignant mixed m\u00fcllerian tumor\u2019","volume":"45","author":"Huang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Taiwan. J Obstet. Gynecol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12092535","article-title":"\u2018Tamoxifen and endometrial cancer: A janus-headed drug\u2019","volume":"12","author":"Emons","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B8","unstructured":"Richard\n              P\n            \n            \n              Matthew\n              P\n            \n          \n          \u2018Clinical features, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of uterine carcinosarcoma - UpToDate\u2019"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2023-004313","article-title":"\u2018Magnetic resonance imaging-radiomics in endometrial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis\u2019","volume":"33","author":"Donato","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol. 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Obstet"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-024-02183-7","article-title":"\u2018Uneven primary healthcare supply of rural doctors and medical equipment in remote China: community impact and the moderating effect of policy intervention\u2019","volume":"23","author":"Shan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2025.1656841\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T04:17:14Z","timestamp":1758773834000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2025.1656841\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fonc.2025.1656841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2025.1656841","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-943X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-943X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"article-number":"1656841"}}