{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T11:11:57Z","timestamp":1784545917085,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To assess plasma levels of heat shock protein 90\u03b1 (Hsp90\u03b1) and inflammatory markers, and evaluate their diagnostic potential in prostate cancer (PCa).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n Patients were divided into two groups based on histopathological diagnosis: PCa group and benign prostatic disease group. The levels of plasma Hsp90\u03b1 and inflammatory markers were compared between groups. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Bioinformatics analysis (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, GSEA) was further performed to explore the potential Hsp90\u03b1-related signaling pathways in PCa.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Plasma Hsp90\u03b1 levels were significantly higher in PCa patients compared to benign prostatic disease patients (102.8 \u00b1 89.77\n vs.<\/jats:italic>\n 62.57 \u00b1 34.82 ng\/mL, p &lt; 0.001), while PLT (213 \u00b1 58.95\n vs.<\/jats:italic>\n 266 \u00b1 70.62 *10\n 9<\/jats:sup>\n \/L,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.05) and platelet-to-neutrophil ratio (PNR, 62.48 \u00b1 24.01\n vs.<\/jats:italic>\n 74.33 \u00b1 25.19,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.05) were significantly lower. Plasma Hsp90\u03b1 levels showed strong correlations with the M stage (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.001), N stage (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.01) and Clinical stage (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.001), PNR was negatively correlated with M stage (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n &lt; 0.01), decreasing with tumor progression. ROC curve analysis revealed moderate diagnostic value for Hsp90\u03b1 (AUC = 0.661), PLT (AUC = 0.601), and PNR (AUC = 0.590). GSEA indicated that significant correlation between Hsp90 levels and protein secretion-related pathways and cell cycle regulation signaling pathways.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n In summary, this study demonstrates the potential clinical utility of plasma Hsp90\u03b1 as an auxiliary diagnostic biomarker for PCa, particularly in advanced or metastatic disease. Furthermore, we are the first to report the diagnostic and distant metastasis risk assessment potential of PNR in PCa. Notably, diagnostic models integrating Hsp90\u03b1 and PNR with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) exhibited superior performance compared to PSA alone, suggesting their complementary role. Through integrated bioinformatics analyses, we have elucidated the molecular mechanisms by which Hsp90\u03b1 drives PCa progression. These findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the pathophysiology of PCa and establish a foundation for developing future diagnostic strategies and targeted therapies focusing on Hsp90\u03b1 or its associated pathways.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1683060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T06:34:35Z","timestamp":1768372475000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Diagnostic value of plasma heat shock protein 90\u03b1 and inflammatory markers in prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences","place":["Jinan, Shandong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yajun","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University","place":["Jinan, Shandong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisheng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences","place":["Jinan, Shandong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2021.107932","article-title":"Prostate Cancer Biomarkers: From diagnosis to prognosis and precision-guided therapeutics","volume":"228","author":"Adamaki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol 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