{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T05:11:34Z","timestamp":1778649094490,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for postoperative seroma resolution in patients with breast cancer, thereby providing an evidence-based tool for individualized postoperative management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a dual-center retrospective cohort study. A total of 373 patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer were included and an independent validation cohort(n=84)according to study center. Candidate predictors were screened using univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, and a nomogram was subsequently constructed. Internal validation was performed using bootstrap resampling, and model performance was evaluated in terms of discrimination (C-index and time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]), calibration, and clinical utility (decision curve analysis). Validation was conducted in an independent cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multivariable Cox regression identified four independent predictors: body mass index (BMI), concomitant diabetes mellitus, modified radical mastectomy, and the number of lymph nodes dissected. A nomogram incorporating these variables was established. Following 1, 000 bootstrap resamples in the training cohort, the model yielded a concordance index (C-index) of 0.76 (95% CI, 0.73\u20130.80). The model demonstrated good discriminatory ability in both the training and validation cohorts. In the training cohort, the AUC was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.75\u20130.83) on postoperative day 7 and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.74\u20130.82) on postoperative day 10. In the independent validation cohort, the corresponding AUCs were 0.90 (95% CI, 0.82\u20130.97) and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.75\u20130.96), respectively. Calibration plots showed good agreement between predicted and observed probabilities of complete seroma resolution on postoperative days 7 and 10 in both cohorts. Decision curve analysis further demonstrated that the model provided a meaningful net clinical benefit across a broad range of threshold probabilities at both time points, indicating favorable clinical applicability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We developed a prognostic model for postoperative seroma resolution that may serve as an effective clinical tool to identify high-risk patients, guide early intervention, and reduce the risk of delayed or refractory seroma resolution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1645783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T04:41:47Z","timestamp":1778647307000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Construction and validation of a prognostic model for seroma after breast cancer surgery: a dual-center retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zongxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Seventh People\u2019s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Seventh People\u2019s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaoming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Seventh People\u2019s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guanghua","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Seventh People\u2019s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Shanghai, 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