{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T04:55:30Z","timestamp":1781758530042,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pomalidomide, a next-generation immunomodulatory drug (IMiD), and carfilzomib, a novel proteasome inhibitor (PI), have been separately approved in combination regimens for relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, real-world data, particularly for Chinese RRMM patients with prior-line treatment, including lenalidomide and bortezomib, remain limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed RRMM patients treated with KPd between October 2022 and December 2024 at two Chinese centers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included 34 patients who received KPd. The median age was 65 years. All patients were bortezomib-exposed, 91.2% were lenalidomide-exposed (and refractory), and 50.0% were daratumumab-exposed. The overall response rate (ORR) was 82.4% and was significantly influenced by high-risk cytogenetics, prior daratumumab exposure, and the receipt of \u2265 3 prior lines of therapy. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 13 months, with a 2-year PFS rate of 40.3%. Hematologic toxicities were the most common adverse events (AEs) (73.5%), and grade 3\/4 AEs occurred in 58.8% of patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>KPd exhibited substantial effectiveness in this real-world cohort of heavily pretreated Chinese RRMM patients, including those with lenalidomide-refractory disease. However, the high incidence of hematologic toxicities necessitates careful monitoring and management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1687341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T04:41:19Z","timestamp":1781757679000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Real-world effectiveness and safety of carfilzomib, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone in relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma: a retrospective analysis from China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Shangyu People\u2019s Hospital of Shaoxing","place":["Shaoxing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Shangyu People\u2019s Hospital of Shaoxing","place":["Shaoxing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingdi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Shangyu People\u2019s Hospital of Shaoxing","place":["Shaoxing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufei","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Shangyu People\u2019s Hospital of Shaoxing","place":["Shaoxing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qunyi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University","place":["Linhai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2019.01513","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of multiple myeloma in urban area in China: A national population-based analysis","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx096","article-title":"Multiple myeloma: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"28","author":"Moreau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-04-403733","article-title":"Proteasome inhibitors in multiple myeloma: 10 years 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