{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T05:12:17Z","timestamp":1778649137564,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite significant improvements in early detection of breast cancer, some patients still require mastectomy. One clinical problem currently being analyzed is the possibility of preserving the areola-nipple complex (NAC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment results of breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy with breast reconstruction with sparing of the NAC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>335 patients who underwent mastectomy with breast reconstruction \u2013 with sparing (group I: 300 patients) or removal of NAC (group II: 35 patients), treated in the period 07.2014-06.2020. In the study groups, the length of overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were determined \u2013 up to 24 months after the end of treatment (short-term results) and up to 80 months (long-term results). The mean follow-up time of patients was 55.6 \u00b1 19.7 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 50 patients (14.9%), recurrence of neoplastic disease was observed (in group I: 14.7%, in group II: 17.1%; p=0.6972). It was most often a recurrence of cancer in the scar after mastectomy \u2013 in 25 patients (respectively: 7.7% vs 5.7%; p=0.6775) or distant metastases \u2013 in 16 patients (4.0% vs 11.4%; p=0.051). A total of 10 deaths were observed (6 \u2013 2.0% vs 4 \u2013 11.4%; p=0.0019). A total of 37 patients (10.7% vs 14.3%) required removal of their implant, mainly due to symptoms of infection \u2013 in 24 cases (7.3% vs 5.7%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preserving the NAC is a safe therapeutic procedure in patients undergoing mastectomy with the option of reconstructive treatment. In both groups of patients, similar early and late treatment results were obtained.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1706468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T04:43:06Z","timestamp":1778647386000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of treatment outcomes in patients with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy and breast reconstruction with sparing of the areola-nipple complex \u2013 single-center analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Stachura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Pregnancy Pathology and Gynaecology, MSWiA Hospital","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Nowikiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, Dr. Antoni Jurasz University Hospital","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Zdrenka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Oncology Centre, Prof. Franciszek \u0141ukaszczyk Memorial Hospital","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Szymankiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Oncology Centre, Prof. Franciszek \u0141ukaszczyk Memorial Hospital","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Stachura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophtalmology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iwona","family":"G\u0142owacka-Mrotek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Tarkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Szylberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Oncology Centre, Prof. Franciszek \u0141ukaszczyk Memorial Hospital","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Oncology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]},{"name":"Chair of Pathology, Dr. Jan Biziel University Hospital","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Zegarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Nowikiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Oncology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru\u0144, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz","place":["Bydgoszcz, Poland"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Breast Cancer and Reconstructive Surgery, Oncology Centre, Prof. Franciszek \u0141ukaszczyk Memorial Hospital","place":["Bydgoszcz, 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