{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T11:23:42Z","timestamp":1788780222609,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a prevalent malignancy with a rising global incidence. While traditional risk factors such as tobacco use and viral infections are well-established, the dysbiosis of oral and gut microbiota has recently emerged as a pivotal contributor to HNC pathogenesis. The oral-gut axis serves as a critical conduit for bidirectional microbial crosstalk, facilitated by bacterial translocation, metabolic exchange, and immune modulation, collectively fostering a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment. Key oral pathogens, including\n                    <jats:italic>Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , exacerbate chronic inflammation, promote immune evasion, and activate oncogenic signaling pathways such as Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin, MAPK\/ERK, and PD-1\/PD-L1. In parallel, gut dysbiosis influences HNC progression by altering the production of microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and tryptophan derivatives, which systemically regulate inflammation and anti-tumor immunity. Growing evidence also implicates the microbiota in modulating responses to radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Therapeutic strategies targeting the oral-gut axis, including probiotics and antimicrobial peptides, hold promise for alleviating treatment-induced mucosal injury and improving therapeutic outcomes. Nonetheless, significant challenges persist, including elucidating network-level microbial interactions, validating robust biomarkers, and advancing these findings into clinical practice. Future multidisciplinary collaborations are essential to fully leverage the oral-gut microbiota axis for precision oncology in HNC.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1740060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T05:33:49Z","timestamp":1770183229000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cross-disciplinary communication between oral and gut microbiota in head and neck cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xinhua","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University","place":["Weifang, China"]},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University","place":["Yantai, China"]},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases","place":["Yantai, China"]},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interaction and Regulation","place":["Yantai, China"]},{"name":"Shandong Engineering Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Airway Diseases","place":["Yantai, China"]},{"name":"Yantai Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases","place":["Yantai, China"]},{"name":"Yantai Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases","place":["Yantai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanbin","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University","place":["Weifang, China"]},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University","place":["Yantai, China"]},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases","place":["Yantai, China"]},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Neuroimmune 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Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases","place":["Yantai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuexia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Stem Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, Central Laboratory, Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University","place":["Yantai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University","place":["Yantai, China"]},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases","place":["Yantai, China"]},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Neuroimmune Interaction and Regulation","place":["Yantai, China"]},{"name":"Shandong Engineering Research Center for Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Airway Diseases","place":["Yantai, 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