{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T17:16:38Z","timestamp":1769793398049,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":192,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) have higher prostate cancer (PCa) mortality rates than other regions, possibly due to disparities in detection and treatment, as well as differences in tumor biology and behavior. This scoping review aimed to identify studies conducted in LAC that evaluated potential biomarkers associated with PCa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, LILACS, and Web of Science, including original studies conducted in LAC that evaluated the presence of potential biomarkers in relation to PCa. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, a descriptive analysis of the data was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 138 articles were included, evaluating 342 potential biomarkers across 17 countries\/territories of LAC. Articles were classified into one or more of the following categories of potential biomarkers: risk of developing PCa (n=74), screening, early detection, and diagnosis (n=13), prognosis (n=48), treatment (n=10) and others (n=12). The countries with the most publications were Brazil, Mexico, and Chile.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most studies analyzed the relationship between various potential biomarkers and the risk of developing PCa as well as its prognosis. The majority of studies came from continental countries with lower percentages of African ancestry and lower PCa mortality rates, highlighting the need to strengthen research in LAC while improving access to healthcare. Systematic review registration:<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1740352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T05:26:54Z","timestamp":1769750814000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Research on potential biomarkers of prostate cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Nicolas J","family":"Prada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaciones Cl\u00ednicas, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda","place":["Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Mendivelso-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Patolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda","place":["Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Yepes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biolog\u00eda del C\u00e1ncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda","place":["Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolay","family":"Corredor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Vigilancia Epidemiol\u00f3gica del C\u00e1ncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda","place":["Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Parra-Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Patolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda","place":["Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"]},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n, Fundaci\u00f3n Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud-FUCS","place":["Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Urolog\u00eda, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda","place":["Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"]},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia","place":["Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martha Luc\u00eda","family":"Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biolog\u00eda del C\u00e1ncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerolog\u00eda","place":["Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"]},{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia","place":["Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA A Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"B2","unstructured":"Global cancer observatory\n          \n          \n            \n              Ferlay\n              J\n            \n            \n              Ervik\n              M\n            \n            \n              Lam\n              F\n            \n            \n              Laversanne\n              M\n            \n            \n              Colombet\n              M\n            \n            \n              Mery\n              L\n            \n          \n          Lyon, France\n          International Agency for Research on Cancer\n          Global cancer observatory: cancer today (version 11)\n          \n          2024"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4685-GMB-2018-0076","article-title":"A systematic scoping review of the genetic ancestry of the Brazilian population","volume":"42","author":"Souza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genet Mol Biol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12522","article-title":"A continuum of admixture in the Western Hemisphere revealed by the African Diaspora genome","volume":"7","author":"Mathias","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.2007.00398.x","article-title":"Admixture and population stratification in african caribbean populations","volume":"72","author":"Benn-Torres","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Hum Genet"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jhg.2012.67","article-title":"Admixture and population structure in Mexican-Mestizos based on paternal lineages","volume":"57","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Cort\u00e9s","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hum Genet"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.20512","article-title":"African and non-African admixture components in African Americans and an African Caribbean population","volume":"34","author":"Murray","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.22261","article-title":"An anthropological genetic perspective on Creolization in the Anglophone Caribbean","volume":"151","author":"Torres","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/hub.2013.a541098","article-title":"Ancestry informative markers clarify the regional admixture variation in the Costa Rican population","volume":"85","author":"Campos-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2013","journal-title":"hub"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004488","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004488","article-title":"Cuba: exploring the history of admixture and the genetic basis of pigmentation using autosomal and uniparental markers","volume":"10","author":"Marcheco-Teruel","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS Genet"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000089553","article-title":"Estimates of african, european and native american ancestry in afro-caribbean men on the island of tobago","volume":"60","author":"Miljkovic-Gacic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum Heredity"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xhgg.2021.100050","article-title":"Genetic ancestry and ethnic identity in Ecuador","volume":"2","author":"Nagar","year":"2021","journal-title":"HGG Adv"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.5281\/ZENODO.15121745","article-title":"Estructura Gen\u00e9tica de la Poblaci\u00f3n Paname\u00f1agenes ancestrales e implicaciones Biom\u00e9tricas","author":"Castro P\u00e9rez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Zenodo."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6472","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7472","article-title":"Genetic structure characterization of Chileans reflects historical immigration patterns","volume":"6","author":"Eyheramendy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005602","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1005602","article-title":"Genomic insights into the ancestry and demographic history of south america","volume":"11","author":"Homburger","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS Genet"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000037","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000037","article-title":"Geographic patterns of genome admixture in latin american mestizos","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"PloS Genet"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16513","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016513","article-title":"History shaped the geographic distribution of genomic admixture on the island of Puerto Rico","volume":"6","author":"Via","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.22714","article-title":"Meta-analysis of Brazilian genetic admixture and comparison with other Latin America countries","volume":"27","author":"Moura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.20520","article-title":"Population structure and admixture in Cerro Largo, Uruguay, based on blood markers and mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms","volume":"18","author":"Sans","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2021.03.447","article-title":"POS-424 genetic admixture of U.S. Hispanics from central america","volume":"6","author":"Horimoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21355","article-title":"Reconstructing the population history of Nicaragua by means of mtDNA, Y-chromosome STRs, and autosomal STR markers","volume":"143","author":"Nu\u00f1ez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12111788","article-title":"The ancestry of eastern Paraguay: A typical south american profile with a unique pattern of admixture","volume":"12","author":"Sim\u00e3o","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e58980","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058980","article-title":"The genetic legacy of the pre-colonial period in contemporary Bolivians","volume":"8","author":"Taboada-Echalar","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.21194","article-title":"The genetic structure of populations from Haiti and Jamaica reflect divergent demographic histories","volume":"142","author":"Simms","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.690366","article-title":"The impact of ethnicity and genetic ancestry on disease prevalence and risk in Colombia","volume":"12","author":"Chande","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.23931","article-title":"Tracing the genetic legacy in the French Caribbean islands: A study of mitochondrial and Y-chromosome lineages in the Guadeloupe archipelago","volume":"170","author":"Mendisco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropology"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/560857","article-title":"Global patterns of prostate cancer incidence, aggressiveness, and mortality in men of african descent","volume":"2013","author":"Rebbeck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prostate Cancer"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-021-01669-3","article-title":"Prostate cancer risk in men of differing genetic ancestry and approaches to disease screening and management in these groups","volume":"126","author":"McHugh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-9378-4-S1-S2","article-title":"Prostate cancer disparities in Black men of African descent: a comparative literature review of prostate cancer burden among Black men in the United States, Caribbean, United Kingdom, and West Africa","author":"Odedina","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Agent Cancer"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2433546","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.33546","article-title":"West african genetic ancestry, neighborhood deprivation, and prostate cancer","volume":"7","author":"Pichardo","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.24686","article-title":"A west African ancestry-associated SNP on 8q24 predicts a positive biopsy in African American men with suspected prostate cancer following PSA screening","volume":"84","author":"Gu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B32","unstructured":"Silver Spring (MD\n          Food and Drug Administration (US\n          BEST (Biomarkers, EndpointS, and other Tools) Resource\n          \n          2016"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.48083\/AKUI6936","article-title":"Classification of molecular biomarkers","volume":"1","author":"Shah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Internationale d\u2019Urologie J"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70016","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.70016","article-title":"Prostate cancer: A review of genetics, current biomarkers and personalised treatments","volume":"7","author":"Wilson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Rep (Hoboken)"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13213350","article-title":"Biomarkers for prostate cancer: from diagnosis to treatment","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-scR): checklist and explanation","volume":"169","author":"Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1897-4287-10-16","article-title":"Chemokine Ligand 5 (CCL5) and chemokine receptor (CCR5) genetic variants and prostate cancer risk among men of African Descent:a case-control study","volume":"10","author":"Kidd","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hered Cancer Clin Pract"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2017.09.016","article-title":"Inflammation polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk in Jamaican men: Role of obesity\/body size","volume":"636","author":"Dubey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.24067","article-title":"Interactive effect of TLR SNPs and exposure to sexually transmitted infections on prostate cancer risk in Jamaican men","volume":"80","author":"Dubey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1897-4287-11-19","article-title":"The impact of genetic variants in inflammatory-related genes on prostate cancer risk among men of African Descent: a case control study","volume":"11","author":"Jones","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hered Cancer Clin Pract"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/tan.12741","article-title":"Immunogenetics of prostate cancer and benign hyperplasia \u2013 the potential use of an HLA-G variant as a tag SNP for prostate cancer risk","volume":"87","author":"Zambra","year":"2016","journal-title":"HLA"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07805-3","article-title":"The role of FASL, BCL-2 and BAX polymorphisms in Brazilian patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"49","author":"Da Silva Lawisch","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM10-5726","article-title":"Abstract 5726: Association between human herpesvirus 8 infection, inflammation and a polymorphism in the IL-6 signaling receptor in increased prostate cancer risk among men of African descent","volume":"70","author":"Henning","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-012-0157-4","article-title":"N-acetyltransferase-2 gene polymorphisms and prostate cancer susceptibility in Latin American patients","volume":"29","author":"De Lima Junior","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Oncol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-5538.IBJU.2014.04.04","article-title":"Human glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms associated with prostate cancer in the Brazilian population","volume":"40","author":"S\u00e1","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Braz J urol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10274","article-title":"Positive correlation between single or combined genotypes of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 in relation to prostate cancer in Chilean people","volume":"57","author":"Acevedo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.02.039","article-title":"GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and the risk of prostate cancer in a caribbean population of african descent","volume":"69","author":"Mallick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e107275","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0107275","article-title":"Copy number variation of GSTT1 and GSTM1 and the risk of prostate cancer in a caribbean population of african descent","volume":"9","author":"Emeville","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/07357907.2010.483509","article-title":"Polymorphisms in the AR and PSA genes as markers of susceptibility and aggressiveness in prostate cancer","volume":"28","author":"Kuasne","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Invest"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-5538.IBJU.2015.01.15","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor (IgF)-I, IgF binding protein-3, and prostate cancer: correlation with gleason score","volume":"41","author":"Correa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Braz J Urol febrero"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07654-0","article-title":"Polymorphic variants of the CASP3, CASP9, BCL-2 and NKX3\u20131 genes as candidate markers for prostate cancer susceptibility and poor prognosis","volume":"49","author":"De Souza","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1415-47572006000200001","article-title":"Differential expression of the KLK2 and KLK3 genes in peripheral blood and tissues of patients with prostate cancer","volume":"29","author":"Meola","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genet Mol Biol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00032710802568655","article-title":"Gene expression profile of prostate cancer patients by chemiluminescent analysis","volume":"42","author":"Alonso","year":"2009","journal-title":"Analytical Lett"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.26592","article-title":"Contribution of MSMB promoter region gene polymorphism to early-onset prostate cancer risk in Mexican males","volume":"10","author":"Trujillo-C\u00e1ceres","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-010-0267-z","article-title":"Base excision repair genes XRCC1 and APEX1 and the risk for prostate cancer","volume":"38","author":"Kuasne","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0039","article-title":"RAD51, and APEX1 DNA repair genotypes and prostate cancer risk in the male population of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","volume":"40","author":"Cypriano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genet Mol Biol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.23187","article-title":"BRCA1 and VDR gene polymorphisms are associated with prostate cancer risk in Mexican men","volume":"59","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Nava","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14133117","article-title":"Reduced DNA repair capacity in prostate cancer patients: A phenotypic approach using the cometChip","volume":"14","author":"Ortiz-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17020279","article-title":"DNA repair capacity and clinicopathological characteristics in puerto rican hispanic\/latino patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer","volume":"17","author":"Matta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/6012102","article-title":"Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in Brazilian patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostate cancer","volume":"2020","author":"El-Chaer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr Gerontology Geriatrics Res"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.01.012","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinases: susceptibility and prognostic implications for prostate cancer","volume":"181","author":"dos Reis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20231380","DOI":"10.1590\/0001-3765202520231380","article-title":"Specific immunohistochemical expression of Mmp-26 in prostatic adenocarcinoma","volume":"97","author":"Silva","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acad Bras Ci\u00eanc"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2011.09.014","article-title":"Expression analysis of osteopontin mRNA splice variants in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"92","author":"Tilli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp Mol Pathol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexmp.2013.02.002","article-title":"Expression analysis of thrombospondin 2 in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"94","author":"Matos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Mol Pathol"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20374","article-title":"E-cadherin polymorphisms and haplotypes influence risk for prostate cancer","volume":"66","author":"Bonilla","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1080\/07357900701638251","article-title":"Polymorphic CAG and GGC repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene and prostate cancer risk: analysis of a Brazilian population","volume":"26","author":"Neto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Invest"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2016.5414","article-title":"Positive association of the androgen receptor CAG repeat length polymorphism with the risk of prostate cancer","volume":"14","author":"Paz\u2212y\u2212Mi\u00f1o","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-012-2293-5","article-title":"Androgen receptor GGC polymorphism and testosterone levels associated with high risk of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia","volume":"40","author":"Biolchi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Biol Rep"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jhg.2016.49","article-title":"Androgen receptor CAG polymorphism and sporadic and early-onset prostate cancer among Mexican men","volume":"61","author":"G\u00f3mez","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hum Genet"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cancergencyto.2008.09.012","article-title":"Association among polymorphisms in the steroid 5\u03b1-reductase type II (SRD5A2) gene, prostate cancer risk, and pathologic characteristics of prostate tumors in an Ecuadorian population","volume":"189","author":"Paz-y-Mi\u00f1o","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Genet Cytogenetics"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0153609","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153609","article-title":"Polymorphisms of estrogen metabolism-related genes and prostate cancer risk in two populations of african ancestry","volume":"11","author":"Brureau","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.02.410","article-title":"349 Polymorphisms Of The Enzymes Of The Metabolism Of Oestrogens And Prostate Cancer","volume":"187","author":"Laurent","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e3182882578","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms in MTHFR (C677T, A1298C), MTR (A2756G) and MTRR (A66G) genes associated with pathological characteristics of prostate cancer in the Ecuadorian population","volume":"346","author":"L\u00f3pez-Cort\u00e9s","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"B74","article-title":"Case-control study of the genes of receptors of the androgens of vitamin-D and of 5-alphareductase in a population of Afro-Caribbean population with prostate cancer","volume":"16","author":"Veronique-Baudin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prog Urol"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1655","article-title":"Phosphodiesterase 11A (PDE11A) genetic variants may increase susceptibility to prostatic cancer","volume":"96","author":"Faucz","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.457","article-title":"Both serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and calcium levels may increase the risk of incident prostate cancer in Caribbean men of African ancestry","volume":"4","author":"Jackson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.21767\/2254-6081.1000148","article-title":"Impact of FTO SNPs rs9930506 and rs9939609 in Prostate Cancer Severity in a Cohort of Puerto Rican Men","volume":"5","author":"Salgado Montilla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Cancer Res"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.21320","article-title":"Chromosome 8q24 variants are associated with prostate cancer risk in a high risk population of African ancestry","volume":"71","author":"Okobia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2015.33.15_suppl.e16033","article-title":"Ancestry and prostate cancer genetic risk loci in Hispanic Puerto Rican men: Comparative study with African American men","volume":"33","author":"Irizarry-Ramirez","year":"2015","journal-title":"JCO"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12171","article-title":"Association of RNASEL and 8q24 variants with the presence and aggressiveness of hereditary and sporadic prostate cancer in a hispanic population","volume":"18","author":"San Francisco","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Medi"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.pcan.4500884","article-title":"Germline BCL-2 sequence variants and inherited predisposition to prostate cancer","volume":"9","author":"Kidd","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1470320309352800","article-title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion\/deletion and angiotensin type 1 receptor A1166C polymorphisms as genetic risk factors in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer","volume":"10","author":"Sierra D\u00edaz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-10-326","article-title":"Identification of viral infections in the prostate and evaluation of their association with cancer","volume":"10","author":"Martinez-Fierro","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0308092","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0308092","article-title":"Circum-Mediterranean influence in the Y-chromosome lineages associated with prostate cancer in Mexican men: A Converso heritage founder effect","volume":"19","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Topete","year":"2024","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-130348","article-title":"Positive association between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) -2578 C\/A variant and prostate cancer","volume":"13","author":"Martinez-Fierro","year":"2013","journal-title":"CBM"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s12041-020-01202-0","article-title":"Promoter polymorphisms of the PCA3 gene are not associated with its overexpression in prostate cancer patients","volume":"99","author":"Ar\u00e1mbula-Meraz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Genet"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s12253-008-9064-6","article-title":"MnSOD gene polymorphism association with steroid-dependent cancer","volume":"15","author":"Bica","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pathol Oncol Res"},{"key":"B88","article-title":"Identificaci\u00f3n de factor de crecimiento vascular endotelial en c\u00e9lulas glandulares de tejido prost\u00e9tico Maligno y benigno: Relaci\u00f3n con la recidiva tumoral al a\u00f1o de la prostatectom\u00eda","volume":"141","author":"Acu\u00f1a","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev M\u00e9dica Chile febrero"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23368","article-title":"Genetic ancestry and prostate cancer susceptibility SNPs in puerto rican and african american men","volume":"77","author":"Irizarry-Ram\u00edrez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e371205","DOI":"10.1590\/acb371205","article-title":"Presence of HPV in prostate tissue from patients submitted to prostate biopsy","volume":"37","author":"Pereira","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Cir Bras"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2013.22","article-title":"Toll-like receptor-associated sequence variants and prostate cancer risk among men of African descent","volume":"14","author":"Rogers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-313X.2012.01115.x","article-title":"Analysis of KIR gene frequencies and HLA class I genotypes in prostate cancer and control group","volume":"39","author":"Portela","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Immunogenetics"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20687","article-title":"RNASEL and RNASEL-inhibitor variation and prostate cancer risk in Afro-Caribbeans","volume":"68","author":"Shea","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B94","first-page":"295","article-title":"Polimorfismo G1385A del gen RNASEL y su asociaci\u00f3n con el desarrollo de c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata. Estudio preliminar","volume":"50","author":"Zabala","year":"2009","journal-title":"Investigaci\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29262\/ram.v66i2.517","article-title":"Study of the association between the polymorphism of the TNF-\u03b1 gene and prostate c\u00e1ncer","volume":"66","author":"Pardo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Alerg Mex"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"GMR18296","DOI":"10.4238\/gmr18296","article-title":"Association study between GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes and other possible risk factors in prostate cancer patients in a population from southwest Bahia, Brazil","volume":"18","author":"De Souza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genet Mol Res"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14712\/fb2008054030102","article-title":"Lack of association of GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTO1, GSTP1 and CYP1A1 polymorphisms for susceptibility and outcome in Brazilian prostate cancer patients","volume":"54","author":"Lima","year":"2008","journal-title":"Folia Biol (Praha)"},{"key":"B98","first-page":"2","article-title":"C\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata y polimorfismos de la glutation s-transferasa en una poblaci\u00f3n venezolana","volume":"8","author":"Angeli Greaves","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Digital Postgrado"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-090X(03)00106-5","article-title":"Androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism in prostate cancer from a Brazilian population","volume":"27","author":"Santos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Detection Prev"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.pcan.4500550","article-title":"No association of the 5\u2019 promoter region polymorphism of CYP17 gene with prostate cancer risk","volume":"5","author":"dos Santos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/172460080401900311","article-title":"Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk in Brazilian men","volume":"19","author":"Maistro","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Biol Markers"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.22486","article-title":"8q24 risk alleles in West African and Caribbean men","volume":"72","author":"Murphy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-013-9970-x","article-title":"Distribution of duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) and risk of prostate cancer in Barbados, west indies","volume":"17","author":"Nemesure","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immigrant Minority Health"},{"key":"B104","first-page":"27","article-title":"Molecular detection of human papillomavirus among patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate c\u00e1ncer","volume":"75","author":"Basulto-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Esp Urol"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/530675","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA haplogroups and susceptibility to prostate cancer in a Colombian population","volume":"2014","author":"Cano","year":"2014","journal-title":"ISRN Oncol"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-002-0816-1","article-title":"ELAC2 and prostate cancer risk in Afro-Caribbeans of Tobago","volume":"111","author":"Shea","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Genet"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2017-1279","article-title":"Abstract 1279: A polymorphism of VEGF -2489C\/T is associated with prostate cancer susceptibility in Mexicans","volume":"77","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Rizo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2018-1222","article-title":"Abstract 1222: Functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the TGFb and TGFbRI gene and their association with prostate cancer in Western Mexicans","volume":"78","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Rizo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B109","first-page":"25","article-title":"Association between polymorphisms of the androgen and vitamin D receptor genes with prostate cancer risk in a Mexican population","volume":"59","author":"Pati\u00f1o-Garc\u00eda","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Invest Clin"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-010-9330-z","article-title":"The Duffy Antigen\/Receptor for Chemokines (DARC) and prostate-cancer risk among Jamaican men","volume":"13","author":"Elson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immigr Minor Health"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13040622","article-title":"Association of androgenic regulation and microRNAs in acinar adenocarcinoma of prostate","volume":"13","author":"Bernardes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2018.02.004","article-title":"Using genetic and epigenetic markers to improve differential diagnosis of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia by noninvasive methods in mexican patients","volume":"16","author":"S\u00e1nchez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Genitourin Cancer"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2024.149186","article-title":"Comparative analysis of extracellular vesicles miRNAs (EV-miRNAs) and cell-free microRNAs (cf-miRNAs) reveals that EV-miRNAs are more promising as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for prostate cancer","volume":"939","author":"Nobrega","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2021-207755","article-title":"Detection of COX-2 in liquid biopsy of patients with prostate cancer","volume":"76","author":"Pereira","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4321\/S0004-06142009000900003","article-title":"Marcadores moleculares relacionados con c\u00e1ncer de pr\u00f3stata: 3-nitrotirosina y expresi\u00f3n g\u00e9nica y prot\u00e9ica de la Mn-super\u00f3xido dismutasa (Mn-SOD)","volume":"62","author":"Floriano-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Esp Urol"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2014.15.21.9335","article-title":"Extended use of P504S positive primary circulating prostate cell detection to determine the need for initial prostate biopsy in a prostate cancer screening program in Chile","volume":"15","author":"Murray","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2015.16.13.5365","article-title":"Comparison of the formula of PSA, age, prostate volume and race versus PSA density and the detection of primary Malignant circulating prostate cells in predicting a positive initial prostate biopsy in Chilean men with suspicion of prostate cancer","volume":"16","author":"Murray","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2015.16.2.601","article-title":"Prostate Cancer Screening in the Fit Chilean Elderly: a Head to Head Comparison of Total Serum PSA versus Age Adjusted PSA versus Primary Circulating Prostate Cells to Detect Prostate Cancer at Initial Biopsy","volume":"16","author":"Murray","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203.e19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2015.01.021","article-title":"Head-to-head comparison of the Montreal nomogram with the detection of primary Malignant circulating prostate cells to predict prostate cancer at initial biopsy in Chilean men with suspicion of prostate cancer","volume":"33","author":"Murray","year":"2015","journal-title":"Urologic Oncol Semin Original Investigations"},{"key":"B120","article-title":"Head to head comparison of the chun nomogram, percentage free PSA and primary circulating prostate cells to predict the presence of prostate cancer at repeat biopsy","volume":"17","author":"Murray","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2012.05.002","article-title":"PCA3 sensitivity and specificity for prostate cancer detection in patients with abnormal PSA and\/or suspicious digital rectal examination. First Latin American experience","volume":"31","author":"Ramos","year":"2013","journal-title":". Urol Oncol"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2024.102642","article-title":"Evaluation of a multigenomic liquid biopsy (PROSTest) for prostate cancer detection and follow-up in a Caribbean population","volume":"92","author":"Rosin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-5030-1","article-title":"Porphyrins are increased in the faeces of patients with prostate cancer: a case-control study","volume":"18","author":"Gotardelo","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2023.155024","article-title":"Metalloproteinase 9 immunostaining profile is positively correlated with tumor grade, extraprostatic extension and biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer","volume":"253","author":"Pinheiro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-024-10196-3","article-title":"Content and tissue expression of Collagen I, Collagen IV, and Laminin in the Extracellular Matrix in Prostate Adenocarcinoma","volume":"55","author":"G\u00f3es","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Mol Histol junio"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2024.114077","article-title":"Deposition of collagen III and alterations in basement membrane integrity as candidate prognostic markers in prostate cancer","volume":"439","author":"Pinheiro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2009.03.018","article-title":"The expression of syndecan-1 and -2 is associated with Gleason score and epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, E-cadherin and beta-catenin, in prostate cancer","volume":"28","author":"Contreras","year":"2010","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20180329","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-4685-GMB-2018-0329","article-title":"Association of polymorphisms of PTEN, AKT1, PI3K, AR, and AMACR genes in patients with prostate cancer","volume":"43","author":"N\u00f3brega","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genet Mol Biol"},{"key":"B129","article-title":"Is there a relationship between testosterone and androgen receptor with prostatectomy outcomes","volume":"31","author":"Mel\u00e3o","year":"2024","journal-title":"Can J Urol"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgz129","article-title":"Circulating mRNA signature as a marker for high-risk prostate cancer","volume":"41","author":"Souza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431x20198483","article-title":"Prevalence of ERG expression and PTEN loss in a Brazilian prostate cancer cohort","volume":"52","author":"Morais","year":"2019","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.5301","article-title":"Metabolic pathways enriched according to ERG status are associated with biochemical recurrence in Hispanic\/Latino patients with prostate cancer","volume":"12","author":"Acosta-Vega","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/03915603241257362","article-title":"Phospholipase A2 expression in prostate cancer as a biomarker of good prognosis: A comprehensive study in patients with long follow-up","volume":"91","author":"Recuero S da","year":"2024","journal-title":"Urologia"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-160467","article-title":"PPARGC1A and ADIPOQ polymorphisms are associated with aggressive prostate cancer in Mexican-Mestizo men with overweight or obesity","volume":"19","author":"Canto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Biomarkers"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2013.05.010","article-title":"Impact of CYP1A1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 polymorphisms in overall and specific prostate cancer survival","volume":"32","author":"Acevedo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/pcan.2012.45","article-title":"Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms are associated with relapse after radical prostatectomy","volume":"16","author":"Cotignola","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2016.10.011","article-title":"Association of a TFAM haplotype with aggressive prostate cancer in overweight or obese Mexican Mestizo men","volume":"35","author":"Granados","year":"2017","journal-title":"Urologic Oncol Semin Original Investigations"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2024.42.16_suppl.e17066","article-title":"Genetic investigation of prostate cancer: Evaluation of markers and relationship with Gleason score and metastasis","volume":"42","author":"Freitas","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCO"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-95022023000501558","article-title":"Humoral and cellular immunology in human prostate cancer: plasma cells and T and B lymphocytes","volume":"41","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Morphol octubre"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2017.06.001","article-title":"CXCR2 + 1208 CT genotype may predict earlier clinical stage at diagnosis in patients with prostate cancer","volume":"97","author":"Franz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-025-04357-3","article-title":"Application of Z-scan technique in detecting circulating free DNA for prostate cancer diagnosis and monitoring","volume":"40","author":"Alves","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0000000000001707","article-title":"Pilot study examining the use of DCE MRI with pharmacokinetic analysis to evaluate hypoxia in prostate cancer","volume":"49","author":"Febronio","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.31557\/APJCP.2025.26.1.77","article-title":"The p16 immunostaining predicts the risk of recurrence in prostate cancer","volume":"26","author":"Cavalcante","year":"2025","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cancergen.2024.03.006","article-title":"Upregulation of shelterin and CST genes and longer telomeres are associated with unfavorable prognostic characteristics in prostate cancer","author":"dos Santos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Genet"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/jbm.5000242","article-title":"Correlation between chromosome 9p21 locus deletion and prognosis in clinically localized prostate cancer","volume":"32","author":"Barros","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Biol Markers"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1541878","article-title":"5hmC-profiles in Puerto Rican Hispanic\/Latino men with aggressive prostate cancer","volume":"15","author":"Patel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep05640","article-title":"The role of TMPRSS2:ERG in molecular stratification of PCa and its association with tumor aggressiveness: a study in Brazilian patients","volume":"4","author":"Eguchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1728","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.1728","article-title":"Determination of ERG(+), EZH2, NKX3.1, and SPINK-1 subtypes to evaluate their association with clonal origin and disease progression in multifocal prostate cancer","volume":"6","author":"Segura-Moreno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Rep"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.12000","article-title":"Determination of TMPRSS2-ERG, SPOP, FOXA1, and IDH1 prostate cancer molecular subtypes in Colombian patients and their possible implications for prognosis","volume":"47","author":"Montero-Ovalle","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Biol Int"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22020733","article-title":"Differential DNA methylation in prostate tumors from puerto rican men","volume":"22","author":"Ruiz-Deya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32471\/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-44-no-2.18025","article-title":"Expression of chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 7 in prostate cancer tissue of young patients and in metastatic cancer cells","volume":"46","author":"Parra-Medina","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp Oncol"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2024-2149","article-title":"Abstract 2149: West African genetic ancestry and origin of the BRCA1 locus in Jamaican men with high grade prostate cancer","volume":"84","author":"Gaston","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.24835","article-title":"ERG and PTEN role on active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer in the multiparametric MRI era","volume":"85","author":"Yorioka","year":"2025","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1338250","article-title":"Genetic ancestry and radical prostatectomy findings in Hispanic\/Latino patients","volume":"14","author":"Acosta-Vega","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2400072","DOI":"10.1200\/GO.24.00072","article-title":"Genomic landscape in prostate cancer in a latin american population","volume":"10","author":"Angel","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCO Glob Oncol"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2010.535159","article-title":"Analysis of peripheral T cells and the CC chemokine receptor (CCR5) delta32 polymorphism in prostate cancer patients treated with carboxymethyl-glucan (CM-G)","volume":"26","author":"Magnani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Natural Product Res"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1415-47572010005000103","article-title":"Protective effect of carboxymethyl-glucan (CM-G) against DNA damage in patients with advanced prostate cancer","volume":"34","author":"Magnani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Genet Mol Biol"},{"key":"B158","article-title":"Phase I study with an autologous tumor cell vaccine for locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer","volume":"10","author":"Berger","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2021.11.015","article-title":"Extreme responses to a combination of DNA-damaging therapy and immunotherapy in CDK12-altered metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: A potential therapeutic vulnerability","volume":"20","author":"Gongora","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Genitourin Cancer"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cgt.2013.56","article-title":"Intraprostatic distribution and long-term follow-up after AdV-tk immunotherapy as neoadjuvant to surgery in patients with prostate cancer","volume":"20","author":"Rojas-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2020-0043","article-title":"AR-V7 as a biomarker for resistance to treatment with abiraterone\/enzalutamide in three latin american countries: A hypothetical cost-saving analysis","volume":"25","author":"Pacheco-Orozco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncologist"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.494","article-title":"Tumour cell lysate-loaded dendritic cell vaccine induces biochemical and memory immune response in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients","volume":"109","author":"Reyes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15330338231207318","article-title":"Influence of humoral response against gnRH, generated by immunization with a therapeutic vaccine candidate on the evolution of patients with castration-sensitive prostate adenocarcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Campal-Espinosa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000540573","article-title":"A complete response to combined immunotherapy in a patient with an ATM plus SF3B1 mutation and a moderate tumor mutational burden with a high-grade treatment-emergent neuroendocrine prostate cancer: case report and review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Ferreira Bruzzi Porto","year":"2024","journal-title":"Case Rep Oncol"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-24-1595","article-title":"Nivolumab in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with and without DNA repair defects","volume":"30","author":"Isaacsson Velho","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00376-4","article-title":"Talazoparib monotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with DNA repair alterations (TALAPRO-1): an open-label, phase 2 trial","volume":"22","author":"De Bono","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(21)00757-9","article-title":"Niraparib in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and DNA repair gene defects (GALAHAD): a multicentre, open-label, phase 2 trial","volume":"23","author":"Smith","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpc.2024.107259","article-title":"Unveiling the characteristics of D4 and R4 aptamers for their future use in prostate cancer clinical practice","volume":"311","author":"Campos-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biophys Chem"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2024.155269","article-title":"Amplification of different satellite-DNAs in prostate cancer","volume":"256","author":"Ariffen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pathol - Res Pract"},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0100-879x2002000200009","article-title":"Allelic frequencies of six polymorphic markers for risk of prostate cancer","volume":"35","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23960","article-title":"Mutation HOXB13 c.853delT in Martinican prostate cancer patients","volume":"80","author":"Marlin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2024.01.015","article-title":"Germline variants in early and late-onset Brazilian prostate cancer patients","volume":"42","author":"Coelho","year":"2024","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13039-024-00680-6","article-title":"Loss of heterozygosity impacts MHC expression on the immune microenvironment in CDK12-mutated prostate cancer","volume":"17","author":"Lautert-Dutra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol Cytogenet"},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2300628","DOI":"10.1200\/PO.23.00628","article-title":"Prospective study of homologous recombination repair gene mutation prevalence in patients with advanced prostate cancer from latin america: challenges and future approaches","volume":"8","author":"Manneh","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCO Precis Oncol"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1676-24442004000300006","article-title":"Incid\u00eancia de muta\u00e7\u00e3o no c\u00f3don 12 do protoncogene K-ras em carcinoma de pr\u00f3stata humana em uma amostra da popula\u00e7\u00e3o brasileira","volume":"40","author":"Gajardo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bras Patol Med Lab"},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clgc.2023.05.012","article-title":"Germline DNA repair genes pathogenic variants among mexican patients with prostate cancer","volume":"21","author":"Ch\u00e1varri-Guerra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Genitourin Cancer"},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7258","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000007258","article-title":"Association between polymorphic CAG repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene and susceptibility to prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"96","author":"Qin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e50587","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050587","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 with prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 57 studies","volume":"7","author":"Gong","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B179","article-title":"Genetic polymorphism of GSTM1 and GSTT1 and risk of prostatic carcinoma - a meta-analysis of 7,281 prostate cancer cases and 9,082 healthy controls","volume":"17","author":"Malik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pacific J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-009-9385-0","article-title":"Polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferase genes increase risk of prostate cancer biochemical recurrence differentially by ethnicity and disease severity","volume":"20","author":"Nock","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0113","article-title":"Vitamin D pathway gene variants and prostate cancer risk","volume":"18","author":"Holt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/89.2.166","article-title":"Association of prostate cancer risk with genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor and androgen receptor","volume":"89","author":"Ingles","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-014-1706-3","article-title":"Positive association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and prostate cancer risk: new findings from an updated meta-analysis","volume":"140","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-023-00374-6","article-title":"Relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and IGF1: a cross-sectional study of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-20-4090","article-title":"Gut microbiota\u2013derived short-chain fatty acids promote prostate cancer growth via IGF1 signaling","volume":"81","author":"Matsushita","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B186","volume-title":"EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-ISUP-SIOG guidelines on prostate cancer","author":"Cornford","year":"2025"},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000003492","article-title":"Early detection of prostate cancer: AUA\/SUO guideline part II: considerations for a prostate biopsy","volume":"210","author":"Wei","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-021-02230-y","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for the detection of prostate cancer in symptomatic patients","volume":"20","author":"Merriel","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2018.09.029","article-title":"Minority recruitment trends in phase III prostate cancer clinical trials (2003 to 2014): progress and critical areas for improvement","volume":"201","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s13062-022-00318-w","article-title":"Dendritic cell-based vaccine prolongs survival and time to next therapy independently of the vaccine cell number","volume":"17","author":"Hawlina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biol Direct"},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.24267","article-title":"Long-term first-in-man Phase I\/II study of an adjuvant dendritic cell vaccine in patients with high-risk prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy","volume":"82","author":"Tryggestad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"B192","unstructured":"Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)\n          \n          2025"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2026.1740352\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T05:26:58Z","timestamp":1769750818000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2026.1740352\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"references-count":192,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fonc.2026.1740352"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2026.1740352","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-943X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-943X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"article-number":"1740352"}}