{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:25:36Z","timestamp":1792009536932,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lymphedema represents a prevalent complication following breast\u00a0cancer surgery, for which effective interventions can significantly reduce incidence rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review and meta-analysis explored the clinical efficacy of different physical therapy interventions on breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) in postoperative patients with breast cancer (BC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comprehensive literature searches were conducted in eight databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, ClinicalTrials.gov, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus, from their inception until May 31, 2025. After study selection, meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager software (version 5.4). The primary outcome measures were the overall incidence of BCRL, the incidence of BCRL following specific physical interventions, and the incidence of BCRL after different intervention durations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The initial search yielded 3566 publications. 31 studies were included after screening, comprising a total sample size of 4323 patients. Meta-analysis showed that physical intervention had no significant therapeutic (RR = 0.81, 95%CI 0.52 to 1.27,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;gt;0.05) and preventive (RR = 0.72, 95%CI 0.50 to 1.02,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;gt;0.05) effect on BCRL. Subgroup analyses further indicated that compared with 2-month, 3-month, 6-month,and 18-month intervention durations, physical intervention has a significant effect on BCRL. when administered for durations of 12 months (RR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.95,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whether physical intervention is effective in the prevention and treatment of postoperative lymphedema in BC patients\u2019 needs to be further explored, but there is a significant effect in the 12-month intervention subgroup. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the effect of physical intervention measures after enough time in clinical practice. The review protocol was registered prospectively in PROSPERO (Registration number: CRD42024615513).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systemetic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/myprospero<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier CRD42024615513.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1760801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:43:00Z","timestamp":1774417380000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Efficacy of physical therapy for prevention and treatment of postoperative lymphedema in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiaomin","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center","place":["Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"]},{"name":"Department of nursing, Xi\u2019an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University","place":["Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyu","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of nursing, Xi\u2019an No.3 Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University","place":["Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"XiaoXia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]},{"name":"West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]},{"name":"Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinqi","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center","place":["Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin-Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Health Science Center","place":["Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2022.08.010","article-title":"Current and future burden of breast cancer: Global statistics for 2020 and 2040","volume":"66","author":"Arnold","year":"2022","journal-title":"Breast"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.31078","article-title":"Clinical Features and Prognoses of Patients With Breast Cancer Who Underwent Surgery","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.01681","article-title":"Prospective surveillance for breast cancer-related arm lymphedema: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Rafn","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.1026043","article-title":"Prediction of breast cancer-related lymphedema risk after postoperative radiotherapy via multivariable logistic regression analysis","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2022.102258","article-title":"Development and validation of a risk prediction model for breast cancer-related lymphedema in postoperative patients with breast cancer","volume":"63","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Oncol Nurs"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.02896","article-title":"Breast cancer-related lymphedema: risk factors, screening, management, and the impact of locoregional treatment","volume":"38","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jncics\/pkz098","article-title":"The impact of yoga on fatigue in cancer survivorship: A meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Armer","year":"2019","journal-title":"JNCI Cancer Spectr"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00184-2","article-title":"The Lancet Breast Cancer Commission: tackling a global health, gender, and equity challenge","volume":"399","author":"Coles","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2020.0049","article-title":"Manual lymphatic drainage may not have an additional effect on the intensive phase of breast cancer-related lymphedema: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Sen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1440966","article-title":"Research trends on lymphedema after mastectomy for breast cancer patients from 2000 to 2023: a scientometric analysis","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-060116-022900","article-title":"Lymphedema: pathogenesis and novel therapies","volume":"69","author":"Dayan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2019.02.006","article-title":"The effectiveness of lymphedema self-management in the prevention of breast cancer-related lymphedema and quality of life: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"40","author":"Temur","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Oncol Nurs"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphys.2022.03.010","article-title":"Manual lymphatic drainage with or without fluoroscopy guidance did not substantially improve the effect of decongestive lymphatic therapy in people with breast cancer-related lymphoedema (EFforT-BCRL trial): a multicentre randomised trial","volume":"68","author":"De Vrieze","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Physiother"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14051700","article-title":"Effectiveness of kinesio taping for lymphedema in the post-mastectomy patient: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"14","author":"Skwiot","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000023192","article-title":"Manual lymphatic drainage for lymphedema in patients after breast cancer surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"99","author":"Liang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-023-06947-7","article-title":"Advances in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer-related lymphedema","volume":"200","author":"Donahue","year":"2023","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2022.04.023","article-title":"Evaluation of Simplified Lymphatic Microsurgical Preventing Healing Approach (SLYMPHA) for the prevention of breast cancer-related lymphedema after axillary lymph node dissection using bioimpedance spectroscopy","volume":"48","author":"Ozmen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1418610","article-title":"Comprehensive strategies in breast cancer-related lymphedema prevention: insights from a multifaceted program","volume":"14","author":"Bhimani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-021-01626-4","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"10","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928","article-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"343","author":"Higgins","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B21","article-title":"Efficacy of manual lymphatic drainage in preventing secondary lymphedema after breast cancer surgery","volume":"45","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.6749","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of weight training and lymphedema in breast cancer survivors","volume":"24","author":"Ahmed","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31962","article-title":"Progressive resistance training to prevent arm lymphedema in the first year after breast cancer surgery: Results of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"125","author":"Ammitzb\u00f8ll","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2019.1643916","article-title":"Heavy-load resistance exercise during chemotherapy in physically inactive breast cancer survivors at risk for lymphedema: a randomized trial","volume":"58","author":"Bloomquist","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000000988","article-title":"A randomized trial on the effect of exercise mode on breast cancer-related lymphedema","volume":"48","author":"Buchan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphys.2018.08.007","article-title":"Manual lymph drainage may not have a preventive effect on the development of breast cancer-related lymphoedema in the long term: a randomised trial","volume":"64","author":"Devoogdt","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Physiother"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31818b98fb","article-title":"Exercise and secondary lymphedema: safety, potential benefits, and research issues","volume":"41","author":"Hayes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1080\/0284186X.2020.1851046","article-title":"Is it safe to exercise during oncological treatment? A study of adverse events during endurance and resistance training -data from the Phys-Can study","volume":"60","author":"Henriksson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-012-1621-6","article-title":"Randomised controlled trial to determine the benefit of daily home-based exercise in addition to self-care in the management of breast cancer-related lymphoedema: a feasibility study","volume":"21","author":"Jeffs","year":"2013","journal-title":"Supp Care Cancer"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.64.1.59","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of the Breast Cancer Recovery Program for women with breast cancer-related lymphedema","volume":"64","author":"McClure","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-012-1964-1","article-title":"Upper limb progressive resistance training and stretching exercises following surgery for early breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"133","author":"Kilbreath","year":"2012","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000089","article-title":"Breast cancer-related lymphedema: a randomized controlled pilot and feasibility study","volume":"93","author":"Letellier","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12282-024-01610-5","article-title":"The effect of exercise and educational programs for breast cancer patients on the development of breast cancer-related lymphoedema: secondary endpoint from a randomized controlled trial in the Setouchi Breast Project-10","volume":"31","author":"Nakamoto","year":"2024","journal-title":"Breast Cancer"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lrb.2018.0006","article-title":"Do compression sleeves reduce the incidence of arm lymphedema and improve quality of life? Two-year results from a prospective randomized trial in breast cancer survivors","volume":"17","author":"Ochalek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lymphat Res Biol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.02567","article-title":"Prophylactic use of compression sleeves reduces the incidence of arm swelling in women at high risk of breast cancer-related lymphedema: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"40","author":"Paramanandam","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12282-016-0747-7","article-title":"The effects of complex exercise on shoulder range of motion and pain for women with breast cancer-related lymphedema: a single-blind, randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Breast Cancer"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33183","article-title":"A randomized study to prevent lymphedema in women treated for breast cancer: CALGB 70305 (Alliance)","volume":"127","author":"Paskett","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2019.08.008","article-title":"Effect of yoga exercise on the quality of life and upper extremity volume among women with breast cancer related lymphedema: A pilot study","volume":"42","author":"Pasyar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Oncol Nurs"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02841860903061683","article-title":"Physical activity for the affected limb and arm lymphedema after breast cancer surgery. A prospective, randomized controlled trial with two years follow-up","volume":"48","author":"Sagen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23494","article-title":"Preoperative assessment enables the early diagnosis and successful treatment of lymphedema","volume":"112","author":"Stout Gergich","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b5396","article-title":"Effectiveness of early physiotherapy to prevent lymphoedema after surgery for breast cancer: randomised, single blinded, clinical trial","volume":"340","author":"Torres Lacomba","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0189176","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189176","article-title":"Long term effects of manual lymphatic drainage and active exercises on physical morbidities, lymphoscintigraphy parameters and lymphedema formation in patients operated due to breast cancer: A clinical trial","volume":"13","author":"Freire de Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-023-07774-8","article-title":"Effects of an early intervention with Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment on arm lymphedema and quality of life after breast cancer-an explorative clinical trial","volume":"31","author":"Ammitzb\u00f8ll","year":"2023","journal-title":"Supp Care Cancer"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-019-05136-9","article-title":"Efficacy of self-administered complex decongestive therapy on breast cancer-related lymphedema: a single-blind randomized controlled trial","volume":"175","author":"Ligabue","year":"2019","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-020-05863-4","article-title":"Reduction of breast lymphoedema secondary to breast cancer: a randomised controlled exercise trial","volume":"184","author":"Kilbreath","year":"2020","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-009-0669-4","article-title":"Aqua lymphatic therapy in women who suffer from breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema: a randomized controlled study","volume":"18","author":"Tidhar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Supp Care Cancer"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-14-214","article-title":"Yoga management of breast cancer-related lymphoedema: a randomised controlled pilot-trial","volume":"14","author":"Loudon","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0b013e318278b0e8","article-title":"Water-based exercise for patients with chronic arm lymphedema: a randomized controlled pilot trial","volume":"92","author":"Johansson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1016591121762","article-title":"Physiotherapy after breast cancer surgery: results of a randomised controlled study to minimise lymphoedema","volume":"75","author":"Box","year":"2002","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fresc.2021.727256","article-title":"Effectiveness of lymphedema prevention programs with compression garment after lymphatic node dissection in breast cancer: A randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"2","author":"Nadal Castells","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Rehabil Sci"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1837","article-title":"Weight lifting for women at risk for breast cancer-related lymphedema: a randomized trial","volume":"304","author":"Schmitz","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-019-07344-5","article-title":"A randomized trial evaluating bioimpedance spectroscopy versus tape measurement for the prevention of lymphedema following treatment for breast cancer: interim analysis","volume":"26","author":"Ridner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000487428","article-title":"Does exercise have a preventive effect on secondary lymphedema in breast cancer patients following local treatment? - A systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Baumann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Breast Care (Basel)"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-020-05521-x","article-title":"Resistance exercise and breast cancer-related lymphedema-a systematic review update and meta-analysis","volume":"28","author":"Hasenoehrl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Supp Care Cancer"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4103\/ijoy.IJOY_73_19","article-title":"Managing Lymphedema, Increasing Range of Motion, and Quality of Life through Yoga Therapy among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review","volume":"14","author":"Saraswathi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Yoga"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-025-09256-5","article-title":"Preventive effects of progressive resistance training of different intensities on breast cancer-related lymphedema","volume":"33","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Supp Care Cancer"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjebm-2023-112719","article-title":"Cancer screening attendance rates in transgender and gender-diverse patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Chan","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Evid Based Med"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0962280215583568","article-title":"Random-effects meta-analysis: the number of studies matters","volume":"26","author":"Guolo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stat Methods Med Res"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000003278","article-title":"Incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of female breast cancer in China","volume":"137","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3002423","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3002423","article-title":"Finding the right power balance: Better study design and collaboration can reduce dependence on statistical power","volume":"22","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2024","journal-title":"PloS Biol"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-024-07567-5","article-title":"Vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) versus lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) for chronic breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL): a retrospective cohort study of effectiveness over time","volume":"210","author":"Kappos","year":"2025","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2024.33.4.220","article-title":"An innovative flat-knit compression garment for lymphoedema patients led to better outcomes: a multicentre study","volume":"33","author":"Hirsch","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Wound Care"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41175","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-27786-0","article-title":"Effects of a multimodal physical therapy approach on breast cancer-related lymphedema: a retrospective pre-post study","volume":"15","author":"R","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006860","article-title":"Improvement of the natural progression of extremity lymphedema treated with lymphatic microsurgery","volume":"282","author":"Pappalardo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2024.102550","article-title":"Effects of exercise on lower limb lymphedema in gynecologic cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"70","author":"Hsu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Oncol Nurs"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina61040685","article-title":"Adherence to compression garments in lymphedema patients: A cross-sectional study","volume":"61","author":"Medina Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Med (Kaunas)"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clbc.2022.06.001","article-title":"Rehabilitation for women undergoing breast cancer surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of early, unrestricted exercise programs on upper limb function","volume":"22","author":"Redemski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Breast Cancer"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-020-00773-0","article-title":"Measuring upper limb function and patient reported outcomes after major breast cancer surgery: a pilot study in an Asian cohort","volume":"20","author":"Chan","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Surg"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17203296","article-title":"Physical therapy utilization and morbidity outcomes after breast cancer surgery: A longitudinal analysis of three combined cohorts","volume":"17","author":"Klein","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzaa087","article-title":"Interventions for breast cancer-related lymphedema: clinical practice guideline from the academy of oncologic physical therapy of APTA","volume":"100","author":"Davies","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14196762","article-title":"Which physical therapy intervention is most effective in reducing secondary lymphedema associated with breast cancer? A systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Aguilera-Egu\u00eda","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2026.1760801\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T05:43:03Z","timestamp":1774417383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2026.1760801\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"references-count":71,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fonc.2026.1760801"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2026.1760801","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-943X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-943X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"article-number":"1760801"}}