{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T08:56:04Z","timestamp":1781859364027,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rosai\u2013Dorfman\u2013Destombes disease (RDD) is a rare non-Langerhans histiocytic disorder with occasional extranodal involvement. Orbital disease can mimic neoplastic or inflammatory conditions, leading to diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Standardized management strategies remain undefined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the diagnostic complexity and therapeutic role of radiation therapy, including re-irradiation, in orbital RDD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 58-year-old male presented with nasal obstruction, later progressing to orbital involvement. Histopathology confirmed RDD (S100+, CD68+, CD1a\u2013). Initial corticosteroid therapy provided partial relief. Image-guided radiotherapy (36 Gy in 20 fractions) achieved complete remission for five years. On recurrence with proptosis and compressive optic neuropathy, re-irradiation (24 Gy in 12 fractions) was delivered after careful review of prior dose constraints. The patient demonstrated improved visual acuity (6\/60 to 6\/36), stable MRI findings, and no late radiation toxicity at two-year follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case highlights the feasibility and efficacy of radiation therapy, including re-irradiation, in orbital RDD when medical management fails. Re-irradiation achieved durable local control, preserved visual function, and adds to the limited evidence supporting its role in recurrent disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1767610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T08:34:51Z","timestamp":1781858091000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-term management of orbital Rosai\u2013Dorfman disease with re-irradiation for locoregional recurrence: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sanjay Arvind","family":"Krishna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","place":["Kochi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anoop Remesan","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","place":["Kochi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hema Ashok","family":"Perumal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","place":["Kochi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malini","family":"Eapen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","place":["Kochi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pushpaja Kuttassery","family":"Ullattil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, 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