{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T06:05:44Z","timestamp":1771221944885,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumors (UTROSCT) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms with low malignant potential and polyphenotypic immunoprofiles. A 38-year-old nullipara presented with menorrhagia; trans-vaginal ultrasound revealed a 26-mm, richly vascular submucosal mass. Complete hysteroscopic excision was achieved without residual disease. Microscopy showed anastomosing cords, hollow tubules and bland spindled cells (0\u20131 mitosis\/10 HPF). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated diffuse AE1\/3, CD56, WT-1 and synaptophysin positivity, while inhibin-\u03b1, calretinin and ER\/PR were negative; desmin highlighted entrapped myometrium. Ki-67 index was ~5%. Break-apart FISH and next-generation sequencing (141-gene solid-tumor panel) disclosed no pathogenic fusions involving ESR1, GREB1, NCOA2\/3 or NR4A3, nor mutations in TP53, BRCA1\/2 or mismatch-repair genes, consistent with the fusion-negative UTROSCT subset (~30\u201345% of cases). At 20 months the patient is disease-free with regular menses and intact fertility. We review diagnostic clues, differential diagnoses, molecular taxonomy and fertility-sparing strategies, underscoring the value of comprehensive genomic profiling for accurate classification and prognostication of this uncommon uterine tumor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1779513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T05:18:58Z","timestamp":1771219138000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors: rare case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Kaige","family":"Pei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiumei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yonghong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The People\u2019s Hospital of Wenjiang District","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuhao","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meishan Women and Children\u2019s Hospital, Alliance Hospital of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan 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