{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T05:05:08Z","timestamp":1783919108678,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the adjunctive triage performance of p16\/Ki-67 dual staining (DS) cytology for cervical lesions in a colposcopy-referred cohort, to analyze its correlation with lesion severity, and to explore its predictive value for persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 109 patients undergoing colposcopic cervical biopsy (recruited via standard HPV+TCT referral criteria) were included. We evaluated the incremental diagnostic performance of adding p16\/Ki-67 dual-stain (DS) triage to the standard HPV+TCT referral workflow for detection of CIN2+ and CIN3\u00a0+. Among 66 HR-HPV-positive patients with CIN1 or lower lesions, p16\/Ki-67 DS cytology was performed, and the patients were followed up for 6 months to assess the predictive value for persistent infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The positivity rate of p16\/Ki-67 DS cytology gradually increased with the progression of cervical lesion severity (P&amp;lt;0.001). Further triage with p16\/Ki-67 DS on the basis of combined HPV+TCT cervical cancer screening yielded sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and AUC of 77.8%, 88.6%, 84.4% and 0.822\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.052 (95%CI: 0.721\u20130.923) for the diagnosis of CIN2+, and 93.3%, 81.3%, 81.7% and 0.823\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.056 (95%CI: 0.713\u20130.933) for CIN3+, respectively. Among HR-HPV-positive CIN1\/lower lesions, 87.1% of DS-positive patients had persistent infection compared to 62.9% of DS-negative patients (P\u00a0=\u00a00.025), with an odds ratio of 4.515 (P\u00a0=\u00a00.028).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this colposcopy-referred cohort defined by HPV and\/or TCT-based referral criteria, p16\/Ki-67 dual-stain (DS) cytology exhibited satisfactory adjunctive triage efficacy for identifying CIN2+ and CIN3+, and independently predicted persistent HR-HPV infection among patients with \u2264CIN1 lesions. Notably, all analyses in this study are limited to diagnostic efficacy in this referral cohort; any potential clinical applications, including possible reductions in unnecessary procedures, remain exploratory hypotheses that require prospective clinical validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1794191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T04:24:10Z","timestamp":1783916650000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Adjunctive role of p16\/Ki-67 dual-stain cytology in colposcopy referral pathways for cervical precancer and persistent high-risk HPV infection"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yingying","family":"Yue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University","place":["Tianjin, 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China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanying","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.159972","article-title":"Carcinogenesis and epidemiology of cervical cancer: The hallmark of human papillomavirus-associated cancer","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Obstetrics Gynaecology Res"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26888","article-title":"Human papillomavirus infection status of single cells isolated from cervical cytology specimens by simple manual microdissection","volume":"93","author":"Noji","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med 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