{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T12:04:59Z","timestamp":1784030699279,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) secondary to stable multiple myeloma (MM), who was treated with a combination of venetoclax and azacitidine at the Fifth People\u2019s Hospital of Chengdu. Additionally, we reviewed the relevant literature. The patient, a 74-year-old male, was initially diagnosed with multiple myeloma (IgA-\u03b3, DS IIIA, ISS III, R-ISS II) and achieved a very good partial response (VGPR) following sequential treatments with BCTD, RVD, and PVD regimens, subsequently receiving maintenance therapy with pomalidomide. Despite being in continuous remission, the patient developed secondary myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by refractory anemia with excess blasts-2 (MDS-RAEB-II) 51 months post-initial MM diagnosis. He was then treated with venetoclax in combination with azacitidine. After the first treatment course, the patient achieved morphological partial remission of MDS. However, due to non-adherence to continuous treatment, he ultimately succumbed to a secondary infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1823066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T11:23:16Z","timestamp":1784028196000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Venetoclax combined with azacitidine in the treatment of secondary myelodysplastic syndrome following multiple myeloma: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lijun","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Chengdu Fifth People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongrui","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chengdu Fifth People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Chengdu Fifth People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Chengdu Fifth People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Chengdu Fifth People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaning","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Chengdu Fifth People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tantian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Chengdu Fifth People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiujin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Chengdu Fifth People\u2019s Hospital","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32956-3","article-title":"Overall survival with daratumumab, bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (alcyone): a randomised, open label, phase 3 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