{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T05:00:43Z","timestamp":1781067643753,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Granulomatous mycosis fungoides (GMF) represents a distinct pathological variant of mycosis fungoides (MF), mycosis fungoides, originating from memory helper T cells, is the most prevalent form of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. It is characterized as an inactive CD4+ non-Hodgkin lymphoma, where in some patients lesions gradually evolve into plaques or tumors over several years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The patient presented with multiple masses on his trunk and limbs, featuring ulcers and scab formation, the patient was previously diagnosed with \u201cpsoriasis\u201d before, however, clinicopathological correlation led to a diagnosis of granulomatous mycosis fungoides (GMF). The clinical and histological presentations of GMF are heterogeneous, and often mimic those of various inflammatory skin disorders. The patient\u2019s erythema and mass were biopsied separately, and the tumor cell characteristics included positivity for CD3+ and negativity for CD7\u2212, CD4\u2212, and CD8\u2212. Immunohistochemical evaluations showed diffuse positivity for both T-cell lineage markers (CD2 and CD3), EBV\n                      <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                      hybridization showed EBER (\u2212). Absence noted surrounding (CD56), indicating active hyperplastic states existing within the bone marrow composition. TCR\u03b2 and \u03b3 genes detection confirmed the presence of a clonal process.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This report explores the clinical and histological manifestations of GMF, features distinguishing GMF from other granulomatous diseases, such as IGD, and the prognostic significance of distinguishing GMF from classic mycosis fungoides. We aimed to raise awareness among physicians regarding this rare disease and emphasize the characteristic histological features of GMF that can be confused with other types of mycosis fungoides.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1830889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T04:29:52Z","timestamp":1781065792000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Granulomatous cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in a patient with atage IVB of mycosis fungoides: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zhu","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Practice, The sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","place":["Guangzhou, 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