{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T05:02:12Z","timestamp":1784523732074,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bispecific antibodies(BsAbs) are a novel class of therapy for relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), leading to deep and durable responses in heavily pretreated patients. Their use is associated with a high burden of infections, particularly with anti-BCMA-targeting agents. This retrospective, single-center study included 50 RRMM patients treated with anti-BCMA or anti-GPRC5D BsAbs, of whom 13 received both agents because of disease progression. Standard prophylactic strategies included vaccination, antimicrobial prophylaxis, and, in selected patients, subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIg). Overall, 78% of patients received prior vaccinations and those with \u22653\u20134 vaccines exhibited the lowest infection-related mortality (23.4%, respectively 6.7%). We analyzed 121 infectious episodes recorded during the study period, of which 45.5% were severe (grade \u22653). The respiratory tract was the most affected site (65%), by viral (43%) and bacterial (45%) etiologies. Anti-BCMA BsAb were associated with a higher incidence and severity of infections, as well as a shorter median time to first infection compared with anti-GPRC5D therapy (2.3 vs 3.8 months). Infectious complications occurred throughout the course of therapy, with the highest risk observed early after treatment initiation, while remaining clinically relevant during prolonged follow-up. Infection-related mortality was the second leading cause of death (34%), after disease progression. Multivariable analyses showed that male sex and patients with high-risk disease were associated with increased infection risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1844776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T04:21:20Z","timestamp":1784521280000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Burden of infections and preventive strategies in patients with relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma treated with bispecific antibodies"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sorina-Nicoleta","family":"Badelita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Centre, Clinical Institute Fundeni","place":["Bucharest, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel-Nicolae","family":"Murariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Centre, Clinical 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Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loredana","family":"Cirlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Centre, Clinical Institute Fundeni","place":["Bucharest, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Coriu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Centre, Clinical Institute Fundeni","place":["Bucharest, Romania"]},{"name":"Haematology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila","place":["Bucharest, Romania"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/BLOOD.2023022499","article-title":"BCMA- or GPRC5D-targeting bispecific antibodies in multiple myeloma: efficacy, safety, and resistance 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