{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T05:05:42Z","timestamp":1784005542769,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017610","name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017610","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017607","name":"Shenzhen Municipal Fundamental Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017607","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent literature has confirmed the roles of metabolic comorbidities as risk factors for the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In China, most HCC cases are attributed to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, the relationships between metabolic comorbidities and the prognosis of Chinese patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC remain uncertain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 164 patients with HBV-related HCC from eight hospitals affiliated with Sun Yat-sen University were enrolled in this cohort study from 2011 to 2021. The patients were divided into the MC group (metabolic comorbidities: at least one metabolic comorbidity from among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels) and the NMC group (without these factors). In this manuscript, \u201cMC\u201d refers to metabolic comorbidity, rather than metabolic syndrome. Propensity score matching (PSM) and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyse overall survival (OS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After PSM, 60 patients each in the MC and NMC groups were included in the study. Overall survival was significantly worse in the MC group than in the NMC group before and after PSM. T2DM was an independent risk factor for OS. T2DM, hypertension, and low HDL levels were independent risk factors for the presence of intrahepatic multifocal lesions at diagnosis. The presence of all three metabolic comorbidities was associated with significantly worse OS (p=0.043).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metabolic comorbidities were associated with poor prognosis and the progression of HBV-related HCC. The presence of three metabolic comorbidities (T2DM, hypertension, and low HDL levels) was associated with poor OS, suggesting that metabolic burden may negatively affect survival once a certain number of factors accumulate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1863272","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T04:21:42Z","timestamp":1784002902000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metabolic comorbidities affect the survival of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese patients: a retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zheng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery, The eight affiliated hospital of sun yat-sen university","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiyan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery, The eight affiliated hospital of sun yat-sen university","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery, The eight affiliated hospital of sun yat-sen university","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianqing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery, The eight affiliated hospital of sun yat-sen university","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maoyun","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery, The eight affiliated hospital of sun yat-sen university","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29210","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012","volume":"136","author":"Ferlay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2010.100","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma: a global view","volume":"7","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v27.i11.1101","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of cumulative incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B virus patients without antiviral therapy","volume":"27","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780190238667.003.0033","article-title":"International trends in liver cancer incidence, overall and by histologic subtype, 1978-2007","volume":"139","author":"Petrick","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.26165","article-title":"Increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"130","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24397","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of primary liver cancer in the United States: a study in the SEER-Medicare database","volume":"54","author":"Welzel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/mcg.0b013e3182a030c4","article-title":"The association between metabolic syndrome and hepatocellular carcinoma: systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Jinjuvadia","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"B8","volume-title":"Hepatobiliary cancers. 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