{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T04:46:53Z","timestamp":1785732413248,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to health management among patients receiving intravesical instillation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional survey was conducted between July 1, 2025 and December 1, 2025. Patients receiving intravesical instillation were recruited using convenience sampling and completed an online, self-designed Chinese questionnaire distributed via Wenjuanxing and WeChat. The questionnaire collected sociodemographic characteristics and assessed three KAP domains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 422 valid questionnaires were included. Most participants were male (71.8%), with age groups of &amp;lt;60 years(27.3%), 60\u201369 years(39.8%), and \u226570 years (32.9%). Mean (SD) scores were 10.26(2.40) for knowledge(possible range: 0\u201315), 39.42 (6.90) for attitude (possible range: 12\u201360), and 39.39 (6.15) for practice (possible range: 10\u201350). SEM was conducted using a saturated path model with \u03c7\u00b2 = 0 and df = 0; therefore, the global fit indices were not interpreted as evidence of model adequacy. The SEM results showed significant direct effects of knowledge on practice (\u03b2=0.272, P&amp;lt;0.001) and attitude on practice (\u03b2=0.252, P&amp;lt;0.001), while the knowledge\u2013attitude pathway was not significant (\u03b2=0.049, P = 0.317). Multivariate analysis showed that higher knowledge (OR = 1.291, 95%CI 1.170\u20131.424, P&amp;lt;0.001) and more positive attitudes (OR = 1.070, 95%CI 1.033\u20131.106, P&amp;lt;0.001) independently predicted better practice. Knowledge and attitude were both positively correlated with practice (r=0.306 and r=0.238, respectively; both P&amp;lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants demonstrated suboptimal knowledge, neutral attitudes, and positive practices regarding health management during intravesical instillation. Improved practice was mainly driven by knowledge and attitudes rather than by a sequential knowledge-to-attitude effect. Proposed item-informed interventions, including clarification of regimen-related misconceptions, support for fear of recurrence and side-effect concerns, and training in simple coping behaviors, may help strengthen patient self-management and adherence, but their feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness should be further evaluated in future implementation studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1879500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T04:27:44Z","timestamp":1785731264000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to health management among patients receiving intravesical instillation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jingyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Ward, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital 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