{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T05:04:14Z","timestamp":1789362254977,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study investigated the effect of [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]FDG) uptake time on image quality in low-dose positron emission mammography (PEM) using kinetic modelling.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifteen malignant lesions from thirteen women newly diagnosed with breast cancer were imaged using low-dose [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]FDG PEM. Tumour and normal breast tissue time-activity curves (TACs) were generated using a population-based arterial input function (AIF) and a two-tissue compartmental model. Modelling was performed at [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]FDG doses of 1, 2, 5, and 10 mCi (37, 74, 185, and 370 MBq), and image quality was assessed using contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) over a 6-hour uptake period.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extending uptake times beyond the 1-hour clinical standard significantly improved CNR across all doses, with comparable proportional gains. Relative to 1 hour post-injection, CNR increased by approximately 30% at 1.5 hours, 53% at 2 hours, and 77% at 3 hours, although uncertainty widened at 3 hours and beyond, particularly at the lowest dose (1 mCi). Relatively small variations in uptake time were also found to produce substantial changes in the standardized uptake value (SUV).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings demonstrate that extending uptake times by even 30 minutes beyond the 1-hour clinical standard may significantly enhance image CNR for low-dose [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]FDG PEM. The sensitivity of SUV to small variations in uptake time supports the need to closely match uptake time between baseline and follow-up scans in treatment response assessment. Overall, these modelling results encourage further clinical research into optimizing uptake time protocols, which may help support the broader adoption of low-dose PEM in future work.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Trials Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT03520218<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier NCT03520218.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1880803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T04:32:18Z","timestamp":1789360338000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Modelling image quality over extended [18F]FDG uptake times for low-dose positron emission mammography"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Elliott","family":"De Benetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Lakehead University","place":["Thunder Bay, ON, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Preckel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Engineering, Pforzheim University","place":["Pforzheim, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apichart","family":"Linhananta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics, Lakehead University","place":["Thunder Bay, ON, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon","family":"Baldassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radialis Inc.","place":["Thunder Bay, ON, 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