{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T04:59:59Z","timestamp":1785214799470,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glioblastoma is the most lethal primary brain tumor of adults, with an age-standardized incidence of 5\u20137 per 100,000 person-years and a median survival of approximately 15 months despite maximal safe resection, radiotherapy, and temozolomide. Its occurrence in two unrelated cohabiting individuals within a short interval is an uncommon event that inevitably raises the question of shared causation, one that available retrospective methods rarely resolve.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two unrelated adults from northern Italy, partners sharing a household since 2018 and a workplace since 2016, developed glioblastoma approximately 20 months apart. Case 1 was a 47-year-old woman with giant cell glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, central nervous system (CNS) WHO grade 4, O\n                      <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                      -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter unmethylated and telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter (pTERT)-negative. She developed recurrence with gliosarcomatous features and acquired homozygous cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A\/B (CDKN2A\/B) deletion, and died following craniospinal leptomeningeal dissemination. Case 2 was a 51-year-old man with biopsy-proven glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype, CNS WHO grade 4, meeting WHO 2021 criteria on both histologic grounds (focal necrosis) and molecular grounds (pTERT C250T mutation).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Exposure assessment<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A structured retrospective exposure-history questionnaire was administered to Case 2 during his diagnostic hospital admission. The assessment documented a shared office-based occupational and residential context without identifying a specific carcinogenic exposure. Multiple relevant domains, including radon, indoor air quality, household and water chemistry, remained unmeasured and should not be interpreted as negative findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This report documents a temporal cluster without implying shared causation. Its primary contribution is the detailed molecular characterization of both cases, including recurrence profiling in Case 1, and a transparent, reproducible exposure-history framework that distinguishes absent from unmeasured data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1890635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T04:25:34Z","timestamp":1785212734000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Case Report: Glioblastoma in cohabiting partners: a molecularly characterized temporal cluster"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Evelyn Gisell","family":"Belotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta","place":["Milan, Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano","place":["Milan, 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