{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T05:24:33Z","timestamp":1786944273543,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As cancer survival improves, the number of patients at risk of a second primary malignancy (SPM) is increasing. Previous research has focused mainly on SPMs after breast cancer, whereas clinicopathological data on breast cancer arising after another malignancy remain limited, particularly in Chinese populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterize the demographic, clinicopathological, molecular, and temporal features of second primary breast cancer (SPBC) after a prior malignancy and to conduct an exploratory comparison according to whether the first primary cancer was breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis was performed on 918 patients diagnosed with malignant tumors after prior malignant tumor treatment in Hebei General Hospital from May 2019 to March 2025, among whom 41 patients with SPBC were enrolled. Evaluations were carried out in accordance with the SEER definition of multiple primary tumors, the 8th edition of AJCC TNM staging system and the 2017 St. Gallen consensus on breast cancer molecular typing. Synchronous and metachronous SPBC were defined by intervals of \u22646 months and &amp;gt;6 months, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, and normality was assessed with the Shapiro\u2013Wilk test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 41 patients were included (40 females and 1 male), with a mean age of 60.3 \u00b1 12.1 years (range, 35\u201386 years) at SPBC diagnosis. There were 21 cases (51.2%) of left-sided SPBC and 20 cases (48.8%) of right-sided SPBC, and the upper outer quadrant was the most common lesion site accounting for 53.7%. Invasive ductal carcinoma was the predominant pathological type (80.5%). Most cases were in early clinical stages, including stage I (39.0%) and stage II (31.7%). Luminal B was the most prevalent molecular subtype (43.9%), followed by triple-negative breast cancer (22.0%). Breast cancer (namely bilateral breast cancer) was the most common primary tumor (20 cases, 48.8%), followed by gynecological tumors (14.6%, including 5 cases of cervical cancer and 1 case of ovarian cancer), urinary system tumors (12.2%), thoracic tumors (9.8%, all lung cancers) and gastrointestinal tumors (9.8%). The median interval from primary tumor onset to SPBC diagnosis was 60 months (IQR, 46\u2013142 months). Patients with an interval longer than 5 years accounted for 48.8%, those with an interval of 3 to 5 years accounted for 29.3%, and only 2 cases (4.9%) had synchronous tumors with an interval no more than 6 months. The median interval of the prior-breast-cancer subgroup(PBC) was 67 months (IQR, 54.3\u2013153.8 months), and its triple-negative subtype proportion (30.0%) was higher than that of other primary tumor subgroups (14.3%). All patients received surgical treatment for their primary tumors (100%), with chemotherapy exposure rate of 51.2% and radiotherapy exposure rate of 34.1%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this selected single-center cohort, 20 of 41 patients had a prior breast cancer, and almost half of SPBC diagnoses occurred more than 5 years after the first malignancy. Luminal B was the most frequent subtype. TNBC was numerically more common in the prior-breast-cancer subgroup, but this difference was not statistically significant. These descriptive findings support risk-adapted long-term surveillance and require validation in larger cohorts with appropriate comparators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1897767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T04:34:02Z","timestamp":1786941242000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinicopathological features and diagnostic intervals of second primary breast cancer following a prior malignancy: a single-center retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yadong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuejuan","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinlong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Hebei North University","place":["Zhangjiakou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peihong","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixuan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianbo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital","place":["Shijiazhuang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112152-20240119-00035","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality in China, 2022","volume":"46","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-023-01610-x","article-title":"Risks of second non-breast primaries following breast cancer in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Allen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-023-01647-y","article-title":"Risk of second primary cancer among women in the Kaiser Permanente Breast Cancer Survivors Cohort","volume":"25","author":"Ramin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2025.1720841","article-title":"Sex-divergent anatomic system concordance in second primary Malignant neoplasms: a large-scale analysis","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-21-4461","article-title":"Genetic risk of second primary cancer in breast cancer survivors: the Multiethnic Cohort Study","volume":"82","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008469-200508000-00002","article-title":"International rules for multiple primary cancers (ICD-O third edition)","volume":"14","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-021-01417-7","article-title":"The risk of contralateral breast cancer: a SEER-based analysis","volume":"125","author":"Giannakeas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11111957","article-title":"The pattern of second primary tumours in postmenopausal women with prior breast cancer in Western Romania: a retrospective, single-institution study","volume":"11","author":"Oprean","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.06.023","article-title":"Customizing local and systemic therapies for women with early breast cancer: the St. Gallen International Consensus Guidelines for treatment of early breast cancer 2021","volume":"32","author":"Burstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.01239","article-title":"Contralateral breast cancer risk among carriers of germline pathogenic variants in ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, and PALB2","volume":"41","author":"Yadav","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.00833","article-title":"BRCA-CRisk: a contralateral breast cancer risk prediction model for BRCA carriers","volume":"41","author":"Sun","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.22.27635","article-title":"Imaging surveillance options for individuals with a personal history of breast cancer: AJR Expert Panel narrative review","volume":"219","author":"Lawson","year":"2022","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.23.02225","article-title":"Germline testing in patients with breast cancer: ASCO-Society of Surgical Oncology Guideline","volume":"42","author":"Bedrosian","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Oncology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2026.1897767\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T04:34:10Z","timestamp":1786941250000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2026.1897767\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fonc.2026.1897767"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2026.1897767","relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-943X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-943X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"article-number":"1897767"}}