{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:03:43Z","timestamp":1789621423027,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mucinous gastric cancer (MGC) is a rare subtype of gastric cancer (GC) characterized by distinct histological features and clinical behavior. However, the lack of specific\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      models for MGC has hindered progress in understanding its carcinogenic mechanisms and developing effective therapeutic strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient-derived MGC organoids were established from paired primary tumor (MGC-T) and synchronous peritoneal metastatic nodule (MGC-ND) tissues obtained from a patient with MGC. To validate the generalizability of the findings, two additional independent MGC organoids (MGC2 and MGC3) and six non-MGC gastric cancer organoids were established in parallel under identical three-dimensional culture conditions. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to evaluate the fidelity of organoid recapitulation of parental tumor features. High-throughput drug sensitivity screening was conducted using a panel of 11 chemotherapeutic agents. Furthermore, organoid-based drug responses were correlated with the clinical outcomes of eight patients who received oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All MGC organoids faithfully maintained the histological architecture, mucus secretion capability, and biomarker profiles of the parental tumors over serial passages. High-throughput drug sensitivity screening revealed consistent resistance to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin, and marked sensitivity to taxane-based agents, across the MGC panel. Preliminary clinical correlation in eight patients showed 87.5% concordance between organoid-based predictions and actual chemotherapy outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We established and characterized patient-derived MGC organoids from three patients, demonstrating faithful histological and molecular preservation, dynamic mucus secretion, and reproducible drug sensitivity pattern. Preliminary clinical correlation in a small cohort showed promising concordance. These proof-of-concept findings establish a platform for future precision oncology research in this rare gastric cancer subtype, pending larger prospective validation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1905751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T04:29:28Z","timestamp":1789619368000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Establishment and characterization of patient-derived mucinous gastric cancer organoids with faithful histopathological features and reproducible drug response patterns"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Haobin","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University","place":["Shenzhen, 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