{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T04:50:22Z","timestamp":1791521422553,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>We present a 79-year-old male patient with MSI-H\/TMB-H (91.5 mutations\/Mb) metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who progressed following abiraterone and enzalutamide treatment. When toripalimab was started, his serum PSA was 102\u00a0ng\/mL. We maintained androgen-deprivation therapy with leuprorelin and stopped enzalutamide. Toripalimab 240\u00a0mg was given intravenously every 21\u00a0days. His PSA dropped below 0.09\u00a0ng\/mL after three treatment cycles. We retrospectively applied RECIST version 1.1 criteria and selected the locally invasive prostate-soft-tissue mass as our only measurable non-nodal target lesion. Its maximal diameter shrank from 119\u00a0mm at baseline to 43\u00a0mm after six cycles (63.9% reduction), and further to 31\u00a0mm after 25 cycles (73.9% reduction), satisfying criteria for partial response. Pelvic lymph nodes could only be classified as non-target disease because short-axis diameters were unavailable in imaging reports, though these nodes resolved on imaging after six cycles. Bone lesions were not included in RECIST response evaluation and were interpreted separately on serial bone scans. At cycle 31 (roughly 21\u00a0months after toripalimab commencement), PSA stayed undetectable without clinical or radiological signs of progression; the biochemical response persisted for about 19\u00a0months starting from cycle\u00a03. As of manuscript revision, the patient remains on toripalimab plus leuprorelin with routine follow-up. No treatment-related adverse events were identified using CTCAE version\u00a05.0. We also conducted a targeted narrative review of mCRPC cases treated with PD-1\/PD-L1 inhibitors other than pembrolizumab. This single-case observation highlights the value of genomic profiling for mCRPC patients with relevant biomarkers. Readers should interpret these findings as hypothesis-generating and not proof of universal toripalimab activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1907524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T04:26:04Z","timestamp":1791519964000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Durable biochemical and radiographic response during toripalimab treatment in MSI-high\/TMB-high mCRPC: a case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Junhang","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengxin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Fengjie, Fengjie","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyu","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University","place":["Chongqing, 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