{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T12:07:02Z","timestamp":1789733222414,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Oncol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma (PCACC) is a rare cutaneous adnexal malignancy. Although its clinical course is generally considered more indolent than that of salivary gland-derived counterparts, PCACC exhibits a significant propensity for local recurrence and a notable potential for distant metastasis. Here, we report a rare case of PCACC arising in the right axilla. Based on a comprehensive literature review and statistical analysis of previously reported cases, our findings suggest that a tumor diameter of \u2265 2.0\u00a0cm may be associated with an increased risk of metastasis. Therefore, for patients with tumors exceeding 2.0\u00a0cm, we suggest that careful determination of surgical margins and comprehensive staging evaluations\u2014including whole-body PET-CT, sentinel lymph node biopsy, and long-term postoperative follow-up\u2014may be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2026.1942206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T11:31:12Z","timestamp":1789731072000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma arising in the axilla: a case report and literature review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Si","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology)","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuanghai","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology)","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636\u201341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.12.005","article-title":"Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma","volume":"58","author":"Naylor","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e31829ae1e7","article-title":"Primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the skin metastatic to the lymph nodes: immunohistochemical study of a new case and literature review","volume":"36","author":"Rocas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1603\u201311","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e318299fcac","article-title":"Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 27 cases","volume":"37","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15050533","article-title":"A rare case of primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma","volume":"15","author":"Katsarelas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.64318","article-title":"Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma: a misdiagnosed tumor","volume":"16","author":"Soughi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2015.04.005","article-title":"Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck--an update","volume":"51","author":"Coca-Pelaz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3","DOI":"10.4081\/rt.2011.e3","article-title":"A primary cutaneous adenoid-cystic carcinoma in a young woman. 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