{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:42:04Z","timestamp":1790700124242,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Ophthalmol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To study the efficacy of orbital injections of triamcinolone acetonide mixed 1:1 with dexamethasone in the treatment of active thyroid eye disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients that received orbital injection(s) of triamcinolone acetonide mixed 1:1 with dexamethasone for thyroid eye disease were included in this retrospective study. Demographic and clinical data were collected from the pre-treatment and 1 month follow up evaluations. Clinical data included subjective pain and diplopia scores, best-corrected visual acuity, Intraocular pressure, extraocular motility, clinical activity score, Hertel exophthalmometry, and upper eyelid margin to reflex distance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifteen patients, 33 orbital injections, were included in the study. The average patient age was 59.2 years (SD \u00b1 13.0) and 89% female. Subjectively, 67% of patients reported improvement of orbital pain and pressure versus 28% stable and 5% worse (p &amp;lt;0.001). Post-procedure clinical activity score decreased from 3.84 to 3.00 (p = 0.0004). There were no significant differences in upper eyelid margin to reflex distance (4.1 \u00b1 1.4\u00a0mm vs. 4.3 \u00b1 2.6\u00a0mm, p = 0.45), Hertel exophthalmometry (21.7 \u00b1 9.4\u00a0mm vs. 21.8 \u00b1 7.6\u00a0mm, p = 0.56), or extraocular motility (21% improved vs. 72% stable and 7% worsening, p = 0.50). No steroid-responsive increases in intraocular pressure or injection-related complications were reported.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Orbital steroid injections can successfully reduce symptoms of TED and may be a reliable tool in the treatment of TED as a relatively safe, fast-acting, efficacious treatment option, particularly as a bridge to other therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fopht.2023.1296092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T04:30:45Z","timestamp":1704342645000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Orbital corticosteroid injections for the treatment of active thyroid eye disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Kevin T.","family":"Eid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter 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