{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T05:52:37Z","timestamp":1764049957498,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Ophthalmol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Ophthalmomyiasis is an uncommon parasitic infestation of the human eye caused by dipteran larvae, most frequently\n                    <jats:italic>Oestrus ovis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . It is rarely reported in temperate countries such as Bulgaria. We present a case of external ophthalmomyiasis in a 35-year-old urban resident, with no livestock exposure, caused by\n                    <jats:italic>O. ovis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Larvae were morphologically identified after extraction. Approximately 30 motile larvae were mechanically removed over several days. Microscopy confirmed first-instar\n                    <jats:italic>O. ovis<\/jats:italic>\n                    larvae. Treatment included systemic and topical antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, and eye irrigation, resulting in complete recovery. This case of ophthalmomyiasis demonstrated that infestation can occur among urban residents without direct contact with livestock. Early recognition and mechanical removal are essential to prevent ocular damage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fopht.2025.1689524","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T05:11:20Z","timestamp":1764047480000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Human ophthalmomyiasis caused by Oestrus ovis in Bulgaria: Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Milena Atanasova","family":"Atanasova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander Bozhidarov","family":"Blazhev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elka Tzvetanova","family":"Milanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lidiya Plamenova","family":"Petrova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0012027","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012027","article-title":"Human myiasis in Sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Jallow","year":"2024","journal-title":"PloS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.370","article-title":"Cutaneous myiasis in cats and dogs: Cases, predisposing conditions and risk factors","volume":"7","author":"Pezzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"B3","article-title":"Myiasis in man and animals in the Old World: a textbook for physicians, veterinarians and zoologists","volume-title":"Butterworths","author":"Zumpt","year":"1965"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00010-11","article-title":"Myiasis","volume":"25","author":"Francesconi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2010.04577.x","article-title":"Cutaneous myiasis: a review of the common types of myiasis","volume":"49","author":"Robbins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3597-2","article-title":"The global and regional prevalence of oestrosis in sheep and goats: a systematic review of articles and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Ahaduzzaman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18231\/j.ijceo.2019.061","article-title":"Ophthalmomyiasis externa: A case report","volume":"5","author":"Borade","year":"2023","journal-title":"Indian J Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases11040180","article-title":"Ophthalmomyiasis externa and importance of risk factors, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis: review of the medical literature","volume":"11","author":"Martinez-Rojano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diseases"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2022.102279","article-title":"External ophthalmomyiasis by Oestrus ovis in tourists visiting Italy. 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