{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T05:05:07Z","timestamp":1784264707876,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Ophthalmol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine whether nasal intramucosal 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) injection improves outcomes after external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in pediatric patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multi-center retrospective non-comparative case series review of all DCR cases with intra-operative 5- FU injection performed between 2014 and 2023 on all patients age &amp;lt; 18 years. Each case was reviewed to determine if the patients had epiphora recurrence following surgery with 5-FU injection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixteen pediatric patients with NLDO (19 eyes) underwent DCR and nasal intramucosal injections of 5-FU intra-operatively. One had a lost stent. Ten (53%) eyes were in patients with craniofacial syndromes. In all patients with the use of 5-FU there was no recurrence of tearing. Eight of the patients (42%) had already had at least one or two failed stents prior in which recurrence had occurred. There were no post-operative complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adjuvant intramucosal 5-FU demonstrated a 100% success rate of epiphora not recurring following pediatric DCR without any complications in this small sample size, particularly in patients with increased risk of recurrence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fopht.2026.1805226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T04:23:02Z","timestamp":1784262182000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Successful outcomes of pediatric dacryocystorhinostomy with adjunctive 5-fluorouracil"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Alina K.","family":"Sinha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Oakland 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