{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T17:07:11Z","timestamp":1778605631537,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]],"date-time":"2022-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["73126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["73126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pain Res."],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is strong evidence that psychosocial variables, including pain catastrophizing, influence parental and child ratings of pain, pain expression, and long-term outcomes among children with chronic pain. The role of these factors among children who have communication deficits due to cerebral palsy (CP) and other intellectual and developmental disabilities is currently unclear. In this study, parental pain catastrophizing was assessed before intrathecal baclofen (ITB) pump implantation for spasticity management in 40 children and adolescents with CP, aged 4 to 24 years. Pain was assessed before and after surgery with two methods: a parent-reported pain interference scale, and behavioral pain signs during a standardized range of motion exam. Linear mixed models with clinical\/demographic factors and scores from the Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Parents (PCS-P), and child spoken language ability as predictors and the pain variables as the outcomes were implemented. On average, both pain outcomes improved after surgery. Only child spoken language ability predicted change in behavioral reactivity scores, with children with phrase speech showing an increase in reactivity at follow-up compared to pre-surgery levels, on average. A significant interaction between PCS-P scores and spoken language ability on change in pain interference scores over time showed that dyads with children with phrase speech whose parents reported high PCS-P scores reported the least improvement in pain interference at follow-up. Due to the preliminary nature of the study, future work is needed to investigate the parental behaviors that mediate the relationships between parental catastrophizing and pain outcomes in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2021.809351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]],"date-time":"2022-02-22T04:57:46Z","timestamp":1645505866000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Parental Pain Catastrophizing, Communication Ability, and Post-surgical Pain Outcomes Following Intrathecal Baclofen Implant Surgery for Patients With Cerebral Palsy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Breanne J.","family":"Byiers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline L.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chantel C.","family":"Burkitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alyssa M.","family":"Merbler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth D.","family":"Craig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frank J.","family":"Symons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14111","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of pain in children and young adults with cerebral palsy: a systematic review","volume":"61","author":"Mckinnon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(99)90023-0","article-title":"Pain in persons with cerebral palsy","volume":"80","author":"Schwartz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(97)90216-1","article-title":"The health status of women with cerebral palsy","volume":"78","author":"Turk","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2019.12.011","article-title":"Pain in adults with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data","volume":"64","author":"van der Slot","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aaen.2004.06.002","article-title":"Detecting pain in people with an intellectual disability","volume":"12","author":"Foley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Accid Emerg Nurs"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014772","article-title":"The social communication model of pain","volume":"50","author":"Craig","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can Psychol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000185","article-title":"Social communication model of pain","volume":"156","author":"Craig","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-440X(66)80065-2","article-title":"The use of family theory in clinical practice","volume":"7","author":"Bowen","year":"1966","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.10.027","article-title":"Parent and family factors in pediatric chronic pain and disability: an integrative approach","volume":"119","author":"Palermo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.01.007","article-title":"The effect of parental modeling on child pain responses: the role of parent and child sex","volume":"18","author":"Boerner","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Pain."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsaa005","article-title":"Parent responses to their child's pain: systematic review and meta-analysis of measures","volume":"45","author":"Harrison","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.11.004","article-title":"Too sick for school? 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