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Magnetoencephalography is a neuroimaging technique that can measure the oscillatory frequency of neural signals and brain regions. The frequency band of neural signals allows further understanding of the characteristics of the acupuncture-related neural systems. This study measured resting-state brain activity using magnetoencephalography in 21 individuals with chronic pain before and after acupuncture treatment. The subjective level of pain was assessed using a visual analog scale, and brain activity was compared to identify the brain regions and the frequencies associated with acupuncture analgesia. Here, we categorized the changes in resting-state brain activity into two groups: low-frequency oscillatory activity (&amp;lt;3 Hz) in the left middle occipital and right superior partial lobule and high-frequency oscillatory activity (81\u2013120 Hz) on both sides of the prefrontal, primary sensory, and right fusiform gyri. These findings suggest that acupuncture analgesia influences two or more sub-units of the neural systems, which helps us understand the neural mechanisms underlying acupuncture analgesia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2022.869884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T05:29:54Z","timestamp":1652851794000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Two Distinct Neural Mechanisms Underlying Acupuncture Analgesia"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Yasutaka","family":"Kato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Yachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Hoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toyoji","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihito","family":"Shigihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S60433","article-title":"Brain imaging of pain: state of the art","volume":"9","author":"Morton","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pain Res."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e328010ddf4","article-title":"Psychiatric aspects of pain","volume":"20","author":"Gureje","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2010.02.007","article-title":"Manual therapy and exercise for neck pain: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Miller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Man Ther."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2017.02.005","article-title":"Non-pharmacological treatments for pain relief: TENS and acupuncture","volume":"84","author":"Coutaux","year":"2017","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-12-73","article-title":"Differences in cortical response to acupressure and electroacupuncture stimuli","volume":"12","author":"Witzel","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg005","article-title":"A brief history of acupuncture","volume":"43","author":"White","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rheumatology."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-411545-3.00001-8","article-title":"History of acupuncture research","volume":"111","author":"Zhuang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11163","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005062107","article-title":"Functional specificity in the human brain: a window into the functional architecture of the mind","volume":"107","author":"Kanwisher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-010-2340-1","article-title":"From the neuromatrix to the pain matrix (and back)","volume":"205","author":"Iannetti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. 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