{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:03:30Z","timestamp":1776643410010,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pain Res."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Radiculopathy can be a debilitating condition. Amniotic membrane\/umbilical cord (AM\/UC) particulate is a relatively new injectable treatment modality. Herein we report the outcomes of epidural injection of AM\/UC particulate in managing lumbar radiculopathy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Consecutive patients with lumbar radiculopathy who received epidural injection of AM\/UC particulate for lumbar radiculopathy were included. Primary outcome was change in pain as measured by the 11-point numerical rating scale. Safety was assessed by AM\/UC- and procedure-related complications. Paired t-tests were used to determine statistical significance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 12 patients with a mean age of 56.7\u2009\u00b1\u200921.0 years were included in the analysis. The patients were previously treated with physical therapy (91.7%), chiropractic corrective measures (16.7%), epidural steroid injection (83.3%), and radiofrequency ablation (8.3%). Two patients (16.7%) were taking opioids for chronic pain syndrome. After AM\/UC injection, the average pain score decreased from 6.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.5 to 5.2\u2009\u00b1\u20091.9 at 1\u20133 months, 2.0\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4 at 6 months, and 2.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4 at last mean follow-up of 21.3\u2009\u00b1\u200911.1 months (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). No patients required subsequent treatment or surgery. There were also no complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This case series supports the preliminary safety and shows potential benefit of epidural AM\/UC particulate injection in this cohort of patients with lumbar radiculopathy pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpain.2024.1322848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T04:18:52Z","timestamp":1705897132000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Outcomes of transforaminal epidural injection of amniotic membrane\/umbilical cord particulate for lumbar radiculopathy: a case 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