{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T06:18:26Z","timestamp":1783491506203,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004189","name":"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Parasitol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Strongyloides stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                      is the main cause of human strongyloidiasis, but increasingly, presumably mostly zoonotic, human infections with\n                      <jats:italic>S. fuelleborni<\/jats:italic>\n                      are reported. Recently, a number of studies investigated the population structures, host specificities and zoonotic potentials of these two species, using molecular taxonomy. This is the first such study from Sri Lanka.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We collected stool samples from humans, dogs and monkeys and used the Baermann after culture method to isolate individual live\n                      <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>\n                      worms and determined parts of the\n                      <jats:italic>cox-1<\/jats:italic>\n                      (mitochondrial) and the 18S rDNA (nuclear) and, for a subset, whole genome sequences.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Despite a predicted high prevalence, we did not detect any\n                      <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>\n                      in 126 human stool samples from the plantation sector. This may reflect the impact of improvements in sanitation and hygiene, reducing the worm burden to below our detection threshold. On the other hand, we observed a rather high incidence of\n                      <jats:italic>S. fuelleborni<\/jats:italic>\n                      in monkeys from within a university campus. Unexpectedly, also the two\n                      <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic>\n                      positive dogs we found on campus passed\n                      <jats:italic>S. fuelleborni<\/jats:italic>\n                      , one along with the expected\n                      <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Based on the mitochondrial sequences, the\n                      <jats:italic>S. fuelleborni<\/jats:italic>\n                      formed three subclusters within the previously described Asian clade. At the nuclear 18S rDNA locus, all\n                      <jats:italic>S. fuelleborni<\/jats:italic>\n                      carried haplotypes that had previously been described in Asia but some were heterozygous for one Asian allele and one that had so far been considered Africa specific. This suggests that Sri Lanka might be a hybridization zone for the two clades. The\n                      <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                      found in this study clustered with the previously proposed \u2018human and dog shared\u2019 type of\n                      <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The presence of possible hybrids between the African and the Asian clade of\n                      <jats:italic>S. fuelleborni<\/jats:italic>\n                      and the presence of this species in dog faeces are interesting findings that need to be confirmed in additional studies. The presence of\n                      <jats:italic>S. stercoralis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>S. fuelleborni<\/jats:italic>\n                      in animal faeces within the University premises, including the dormitory and the swimming pool area, raises concerns of possible exposure of the University community to these parasites in spite of sanitary conditions that render human to human transmission unlikely.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpara.2026.1821438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:55:09Z","timestamp":1783490109000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular taxonomic study of Strongyloides spp. in Sri Lanka with emphasis on Strongyloides fuelleborni on the premises of a Sri Lankan 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