{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:52:33Z","timestamp":1789480353622,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004539","name":"Kasetsart University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004539","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Parasitol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Giardia duodenalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. are ubiquitous enteric protozoans of significant public health and veterinary concern. Despite their global importance, molecular epidemiological data concerning companion animals in Vietnam remain limited.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This cross-sectional study evaluated the prevalence, investigated the specific\n                      <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>\n                      assemblages and\n                      <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                      species, and identified risk factors associated with these parasites in 362 owned dogs in Dak Lak province, Central Vietnam. Genomic DNA extracted from fecal samples was screened using nested PCR targeting the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) locus, followed by sequencing of positive amplicons. Epidemiological risk factors were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The overall prevalence of\n                      <jats:italic>G. duodenalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      was 8.0% (29\/362; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.6\u201311.3%), whereas\n                      <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. DNA was not detected. Sequencing of 18\n                      <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>\n                      -positive isolates exclusively identified the canine-specific assemblage D. Multivariable analysis revealed that direct contact with other dogs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 7.55; 95% CI: 1.69\u201333.82; P = 0.008) and unbathed status (aOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.11\u20130.83; P = 0.021) were significant predictors of infection. Host demographics, location, outdoor access, and deworming history had no significant association with\n                      <jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>\n                      positivity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The exclusive detection of assemblage D indicates that dogs in this rural setting currently pose a minimal direct zoonotic risk to the local human population. These findings emphasize the importance of improving canine management practices, particularly through proper hygiene and the restriction of uncontrolled interactions between dogs, to mitigate transmission risks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpara.2026.1860216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T05:41:08Z","timestamp":1780378868000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molecular detection of Giardia duodenalis and the absence of Cryptosporidium spp. in owned dogs from Central Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Vy Thi Tuong","family":"Le","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University","place":["Bangkok, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minh-Trang Thi","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University","place":["Bangkok, Thailand"]},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Buon Ma Thuot Medical University","place":["Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak, Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van-Phuong","family":"Ngo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences, Buon Ma Thuot Medical University","place":["Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak, Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinh","family":"Ng-Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tay Nguyen University","place":["Buon Ma Thuot, Dak Lak, Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tawin","family":"Inpankaew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University","place":["Bangkok, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.54034\/MIC.E1268","article-title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis assemblage D of dogs in Egypt, and its zoonotic implication","volume":"1","author":"Abdelaziz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbes Infect. 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