{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:32:07Z","timestamp":1792801927325,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":236,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T11:39:45Z","timestamp":1581075585000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":246,"title":["Early Neonatal Pain\u2014A Review of Clinical and Experimental Implications on Painful Conditions Later in Life"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Morika D.","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. Duncan X.","family":"Lascelles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Born too Soon: the Global Action Report on Preterm Birth.","author":"Howson","year":"2012"},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"Born Too Soon: The Global Action Report on Preterm Birth","year":"2012"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60820-4","article-title":"National, regional, and worldwide estimates of preterm birth rates in the year 2010 with time trends since 1990 for selected countries: a systematic analysis and implications","volume":"379","author":"Blencowe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11476-0","article-title":"Preterm delivery","volume":"360","author":"Slattery","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B5","volume-title":"Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes. Preterm Birth: Causes, Consequences, and Prevention","author":"Behrman","year":"2007"},{"key":"B6","article-title":"White Plains, NY: National Perinatal Information System\/Quality Analytic Services","year":"2011"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2013.92","article-title":"Accounting for variation in length of NICU stay for extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"33","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Perinatol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.1.60","article-title":"Epidemiology and treatment of painful procedures in neonates in intensive care units","volume":"300","author":"Carbajal","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2014.08.010","article-title":"Pain management in newborns","volume":"41","author":"Hall","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3109\/02688699008992734","article-title":"Plasticity in the adult and neonatal central nervous system","volume":"4","author":"Bower","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1159\/000355818","article-title":"Survival and neurodevelopmental outcome of preterm infants born at 22\u201324 weeks of gestational age","volume":"105","author":"Ochiai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neonatology."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60136-1","article-title":"An overview of mortality and sequelae of preterm birth from infancy to adulthood","volume":"371","author":"Saigal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22267","article-title":"Procedural pain and brain development in premature newborns","volume":"71","author":"Brummelte","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0867-17.2017","article-title":"Early procedural pain is associated with regionally-specific alterations in thalamic development in preterm neonates","volume":"38","author":"Duerden","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0025","DOI":"10.5041\/RMMJ.10132","article-title":"Neonatal pain in very preterm infants: long-term effects on brain, neurodevelopment and pain reactivity","volume":"4","author":"Grunau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rambam Maimonides Med J."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr288","article-title":"Priming of adult pain responses by neonatal pain experience: maintenance by central neuroimmune activity","volume":"135","author":"Beggs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.03.035","article-title":"Somatosensory function and pain in extremely preterm young adults from the UK EPICure cohort: sex-dependent differences and impact of neonatal surgery","volume":"121","author":"Walker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2006.02.007","article-title":"Long-term consequences of pain in human neonates","volume":"11","author":"Grunau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3181fe14cf","article-title":"Pain in Canadian NICUs: have we improved over the past 12 years?","volume":"27","author":"Johnston","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin J Pain."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.157.11.1058","article-title":"Do we still hurt newborn babies? A prospective study of procedural pain and analgesia in neonates","volume":"157","author":"Simons","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-199712000-00008","article-title":"A cross-sectional survey of pain and pharmacological analgesia in Canadian neonatal intensive care units","volume":"13","author":"Johnston","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin J Pain."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.155.2.173","article-title":"Consensus statement for the prevention and management of pain in the newborn","volume":"155","author":"Anand","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med."},{"key":"B23","first-page":"129","article-title":"Surgical interventions for congenital anomalies","volume-title":"Essential Surgery: Disease Control Priorities. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development","author":"Farmer","year":"2015"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.21699\/jns.v6i3.614","article-title":"Minimal access surgery in neonates","volume":"6","author":"Mitul","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neonatal Surg."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2016.03.014","article-title":"Epidemiology and neonatal pain management of heelsticks in intensive care units: EPIPPAIN 2, a prospective observational study","volume":"59","author":"Courtois","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001452.pub4","article-title":"Venepuncture versus heel lance for blood sampling in term neonates","author":"Shah","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2009.11.006","article-title":"Practice of sedation and the perception of discomfort during mechanical ventilation in Chinese intensive care units","volume":"25","author":"Ma","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Crit Care."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198709000-00012","article-title":"Changes in anterior fontanel pressure in preterm neonates during tracheal intubation","volume":"66","author":"Friesen","year":"1987","journal-title":"Anesth Analg."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2011.00941.x","article-title":"Pain in neonatal intensive care: role of melatonin as an analgesic antioxidant","volume":"52","author":"Gitto","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pineal Res."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.21699\/jns.v2i2.59","article-title":"Pain relief in neonates","volume":"2","author":"Krishnan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neonatal Surg."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3734","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2018.1471593","article-title":"Effects of fentanyl for pain control and neuroprotection in very preterm newborns on mechanical ventilation","volume":"32","author":"Qiu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.162.8.728","article-title":"Prolonged sedation and\/or analgesia and 5-year neurodevelopment outcome in very preterm infants: results from the EPIPAGE cohort","volume":"162","author":"Roz\u00e9","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.07.001","article-title":"Sedation, analgesia, and paralysis during mechanical ventilation of premature infants","volume":"180","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0620C","article-title":"Summary proceedings from the neonatal pain-control group","volume":"117","author":"Anand","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1513","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-2006","article-title":"Biological and social influences on outcomes of extreme-preterm\/low-birth weight adolescents","volume":"136","author":"Doyle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(89)90172-3","article-title":"Cutaneous hypersensitivity following peripheral tissue damage in newborn infants and its reversal with topical anaesthesia","volume":"39","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.22047","article-title":"Neonatal repetitive needle pricking: Plasticity of the spinal nociceptive circuit and extended postoperative pain in later life","volume":"73","author":"Knaepen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev Neurobiol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.09.030","article-title":"Central sensitization: implications for the diagnosis and treatment of pain","volume":"152","author":"Woolf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B39","first-page":"255","article-title":"Prolonged primary afferent induced alterations in dorsal horn neurones, an intracellular analysis in vivo and in vitro","volume":"83","author":"Woolf","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Physiol (Paris)."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13210","article-title":"Analgesia, nil or placebo to babies, in trials that test new analgesic treatments for procedural pain","volume":"105","author":"Bellieni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S479","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.144630","article-title":"Neonatal pain: what's age got to do with it?","volume":"5","author":"Hatfield","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1159\/000357207","article-title":"Eight years later, are we still hurting newborn infants?","volume":"105","author":"Roofthooft","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neonatology."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.98.5.925","article-title":"Experience in a neonatal intensive care unit affects pain response","volume":"98","author":"Johnston","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mjafi.2017.12.009","article-title":"Study of pain response in neonates during venipuncture with a view to analyse utility of topical anaesthetic agent for alleviating pain","volume":"75","author":"Kaur","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med J Armed Forces India."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.02.036","article-title":"The dual nature of early-life experience on somatosensory processing in the human infant brain","volume":"27","author":"Maitre","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Biol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2018.05.005","article-title":"Biological and social influences on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants","volume":"45","author":"Burnett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F227","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313161","article-title":"Early surgery and neurodevelopmental outcomes of children born extremely preterm","volume":"103","author":"Hunt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2019.00051","article-title":"Hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus volumes in very preterm children at 8 years: neonatal pain and genetic variation","volume":"13","author":"Chau","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000117843.21534.49","article-title":"Caudate and hippocampal volumes, intelligence, and motor impairment in 7-year-old children who were born preterm","volume":"55","author":"Abernethy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Res."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.1.60","article-title":"Cognitive and motor function and the size of the cerebellum in adolescents born very pre-term","volume":"124","author":"Allin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.04.055","article-title":"Neonatal pain and infection relate to smaller cerebellum in very preterm children at school age","volume":"167","author":"Ranger","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.10.029","article-title":"Preterm Toddlers' inhibitory control abilities predict attention regulation and academic achievement at age 8 years","volume":"169","author":"Jaekel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313414","article-title":"Cognitive trajectories from infancy to early adulthood following birth before 26 weeks of gestation: a prospective, population-based cohort study","volume":"103","author":"Linsell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.11.055","article-title":"Preterm birth leads to hyper-reactive cognitive control processing and poor white matter organization in adulthood","volume":"167","author":"Olsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroimage."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.12.051","article-title":"Sex differences in outcome and associations with neonatal brain morphology in extremely preterm children","volume":"164","author":"Ski\u00f6ld","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001123","article-title":"Procedural pain and oral glucose in preterm neonates: brain development and sex-specific effects","volume":"159","author":"Schneider","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(98)00338-2","article-title":"Long-term behavioral effects of repetitive pain in neonatal rat pups","volume":"66","author":"Anand","year":"1999","journal-title":"Physiol Behav."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1159\/000341769","article-title":"Effects of repetitive exposure to pain and morphine treatment on the neonatal rat brain","volume":"103","author":"D\u00fchrsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neonatology."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2017.06.015","article-title":"Sucrose and naltrexone prevent increased pain sensitivity and impaired long-term memory induced by repetitive neonatal noxious stimulation: Role of BDNF and beta-endorphin","volume":"179","author":"Nuseir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol Behav."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2015.04.002","article-title":"Sucrose-induced analgesia during early life modulates adulthood learning and memory formation","volume":"145","author":"Nuseir","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiol Behav."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2014.10.010","article-title":"Early life inflammatory pain induces long-lasting deficits in hippocampal-dependent spatial memory in male and female rats","volume":"118","author":"Henderson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol Learn Mem."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2394","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02394","article-title":"Adverse behavioral changes in adult mice following neonatal repeated exposure to pain and sucrose","volume":"9","author":"Ranger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Psychol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.2217\/pmt.13.61","article-title":"Early repetitive pain in preterm infants in relation to the developing brain","volume":"4","author":"Ranger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain Manag."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.1542\/neo.6-2-e69","article-title":"Short- and long-term impact of neonatal pain and stress","volume":"6","author":"Hall","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neoreviews."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(01)00432-2","article-title":"Interactions of inflammatory pain and morphine in infant rats: long-term behavioral effects","volume":"73","author":"Bhutta","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physiol Behav."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2017.00011","article-title":"Long-term effects of chronic buspirone during adolescence reduce the adverse influences of neonatal inflammatory pain and stress on adaptive behavior in adult male rats","volume":"11","author":"Butkevich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23802","article-title":"Psychological stress in early life as a predisposing factor for the development of chronic pain: clinical and preclinical evidence and neurobiological mechanisms","volume":"95","author":"Burke","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2007.01130.x","article-title":"The interplay of social competence and psychopathology over 20 years: testing transactional and cascade models","volume":"79","author":"Burt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.131","article-title":"Externalizing and internalizing behaviors in ASD","volume":"3","author":"Bauminger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autism Res."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.05.050","article-title":"Parent behaviors moderate the relationship between neonatal pain and internalizing behaviors at 18 months corrected age in children born very prematurely","volume":"154","author":"Vinall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2011.01.023","article-title":"Behavior problems of 9\u201316 year old preterm children: biological, sociodemographic, and intellectual contributions","volume":"87","author":"Loe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2009.01388.x","article-title":"Frontal electroencephalogram asymmetry, salivary cortisol, and internalizing behavior problems in young adults who were born at extremely low birth weight","volume":"81","author":"Schmidt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-1536","article-title":"Late-preterm birth and its association with cognitive and socioemotional outcomes at 6 years of age","volume":"126","author":"Talge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2018.05.066","article-title":"Conditioned pain modulation identifies altered sensitivity in extremely preterm young adult males and females","volume":"121","author":"Walker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024519","article-title":"An internalizing pathway to alcohol use and disorder","volume":"25","author":"Hussong","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol Addict Behav."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2007.11.002","article-title":"Internalizing and externalizing behaviors and their association with the treatment of adolescents with substance use disorder","volume":"35","author":"Winters","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Subst Abuse Treat."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E142","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20617","article-title":"Weight bias internalization, depression, and self-reported health among overweight binge eating disorder patients","volume":"22","author":"Pearl","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2018.10.001","article-title":"Behavioral and physiological signs for pain assessment in preterm and term neonates during a nociception-specific response: a systematic review","volume":"90","author":"Relland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001425","article-title":"Behavioural discrimination of noxious stimuli in infants is dependent on brain maturation","volume":"160","author":"Green","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epag.2016.03.002","article-title":"Effect of early procedural pain experience on subsequent pain responses among premature infants","volume":"64","author":"Donia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Egypt Pediatr Assoc Gazette."},{"key":"B81","first-page":"216","article-title":"Longitudinal comparison of preterm pain responses to repeated heelsticks","volume":"31","author":"Evans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Nurs."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.1.105","article-title":"Demographic and therapeutic determinants of pain reactivity in very low birth weight neonates at 32 weeks' postconceptional age","volume":"107","author":"Grunau","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e129","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050129","article-title":"How well do clinical pain assessment tools reflect pain in infants?","volume":"5","author":"Slater","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3662","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0348-06.2006","article-title":"Cortical pain responses in human infants","volume":"26","author":"Slater","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00258-4","article-title":"Differences in pain expression between male and female newborn infants","volume":"85","author":"Guinsburg","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2018.04.006","article-title":"Effect of non-nutritive sucking and sucrose alone and in combination for repeated procedural pain in preterm infants: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"83","author":"Gao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.01.015","article-title":"Pain activates cortical areas in the preterm newborn brain","volume":"122","author":"Bartocci","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12414","article-title":"The consequences of pain in early life: injury-induced plasticity in developing pain pathways","volume":"39","author":"Schwaller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2006.12.009","article-title":"Long-term consequences of early infant injury and trauma upon somatosensory processing","volume":"11","author":"Schmelzle-Lubiecki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Pain."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.10.012","article-title":"Long-term impact of neonatal intensive care and surgery on somatosensory perception in children born extremely preterm","volume":"141","author":"Walker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.157.11.1079","article-title":"Pain sensitivity in prematurely born adolescents","volume":"157","author":"Buskila","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)90278-3","article-title":"Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain responses during vaccination in boys","volume":"345","author":"Taddio","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)10316-0","article-title":"Effect of neonatal circumcision on pain response during subsequent routine vaccination","volume":"349","author":"Taddio","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.01.014","article-title":"Does neonatal surgery lead to increased pain sensitivity in later childhood?","volume":"114","author":"Peters","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000353","article-title":"Neonatal invasive procedures predict pain intensity at school age in children born very preterm","volume":"32","author":"Valeri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin J Pain."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.4077\/CJP.2016.BAE412","article-title":"Effects of neonatal pain, stress and their interrelation on pain sensitivity in later life in male rats","volume":"59","author":"Butkevich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Physiol."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34316","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034316","article-title":"Acute pain and a motivational pathway in adult rats: influence of early life pain experience","volume":"7","author":"Low","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001201","article-title":"Repeated touch and needle-prick stimulation in the neonatal period increases the baseline mechanical sensitivity and postinjury hypersensitivity of adult spinal sensory neurons","volume":"159","author":"van den Hoogen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2015.06.020","article-title":"Persistent changes in peripheral and spinal nociceptive processing after early tissue injury","volume":"275","author":"Walker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Neurol."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.08.017","article-title":"Hindpaw incision in early life increases the hyperalgesic response to repeat surgical injury: critical period and dependence on initial afferent activity","volume":"147","author":"Walker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2013.05.002","article-title":"Biological and neurodevelopmental implications of neonatal pain","volume":"40","author":"Walker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1159\/000447828","article-title":"Preterm birth and subsequent risk of acute childhood leukemia: a meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"39","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.02.007","article-title":"Neonatal pain in relation to postnatal growth in infants born very preterm","volume":"153","author":"Vinall","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-2778","article-title":"Early development of adiposity and insulin resistance after catch-up weight gain in small-for-gestational-age children","volume":"91","author":"Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S147","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000302961.01170.29","article-title":"Long-term adverse outcomes of low birth weight, increased somatic growth rates, and alterations of body composition in the premature infant: review of the evidence","volume":"45","author":"Greer","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7240.967","article-title":"Association between postnatal catch-up growth and obesity in childhood: prospective cohort study","volume":"320","author":"Ong","year":"2000","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s12899-015-0017-5","article-title":"Effects of postnatal growth restriction and subsequent catch-up growth on neurodevelopment and glucose homeostasis in rats","volume":"15","author":"Alexeev","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Physiol."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000612","article-title":"Effect of birth weight on life-course blood pressure levels among children born premature: the cardiovascular risk in Young Finns Study","volume":"33","author":"Juonala","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hypertens."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13880","article-title":"Adults born preterm: a review of general health and system-specific outcomes","volume":"106","author":"Raju","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3390\/children3040026","article-title":"Beyond acute pain: understanding chronic pain in infancy","volume":"3","author":"DiLorenzo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Children (Basel)."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2009.04.013","article-title":"Chronic pain in hospitalized infants: health professionals' perspectives","volume":"10","author":"Pillai Riddell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000056","article-title":"Chronic pain in the newborn: toward a definition","volume":"30","author":"van Ganzewinkel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin J Pain."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2004.07.004","article-title":"Descending control of persistent pain: inhibitory or facilitatory?","volume":"46","author":"Vanegas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res Brain Res Rev."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1097\/SPC.0000000000000055","article-title":"Descending pain modulation and chronification of pain","volume":"8","author":"Ossipov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Support Palliat Care."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00039.2016","article-title":"Neuroimmune interactions: from the brain to the immune system and vice versa","volume":"98","author":"Dantzer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol Rev."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3621","article-title":"Pathological pain and the neuroimmune interface","volume":"14","author":"Grace","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1700","article-title":"Role of the immune system in chronic pain","volume":"6","author":"Marchand","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2234","article-title":"Interactions between the immune and nervous systems in pain","volume":"16","author":"Ren","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371506000404","article-title":"Long-term consequences of neonatal injury","volume":"60","author":"Beggs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2002.02185.x","article-title":"The postnatal reorganization of primary afferent input and dorsal horn cell receptive fields in the rat spinal cord is an activity-dependent process","volume":"16","author":"Beggs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneuro0984","article-title":"Infant pain management: a developmental neurobiological approach","volume":"5","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Neurol."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1159\/000014197","article-title":"Can adverse neonatal experiences alter brain development and subsequent behavior?","volume":"77","author":"Anand","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol Neonate."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(02)00012-X","article-title":"Early pain in preterm infants. A model of long-term effects","volume":"29","author":"Grunau","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1701","article-title":"The development of nociceptive circuits","volume":"6","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2012.12.017","article-title":"The infancy of infant pain research: the experimental origins of infant pain denial","volume":"14","author":"Rodkey","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000013953","article-title":"Clinical importance of pain and stress in preterm neonates","volume":"73","author":"Anand","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biol Neonate."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1988.tb04779.x","article-title":"Postnatal development of the cutaneous flexor reflex: comparative study of preterm infants and newborn rat pups","volume":"30","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6356","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.06356","article-title":"fMRI reveals neural activity overlap between adult and infant pain","volume":"4","author":"Goksan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Elife."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpsur.2009.10.013","article-title":"The anatomy and physiology of pain","volume":"27","author":"Steeds","year":"2009","journal-title":"Surgery (Oxford)."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00276","article-title":"Lifetime modulation of the pain system via neuroimmune and neuroendocrine interactions","volume":"8","author":"Zouikr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964843","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/964843","article-title":"Activity-dependent plasticity of spinal circuits in the developing and mature spinal cord","volume":"2012","author":"Tahayori","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neural Plast."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.24.1.807","article-title":"Activity-dependent spinal cord plasticity in health and disease","volume":"24","author":"Wolpaw","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6372","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0149-17.2017","article-title":"Descending systems direct development of key spinal motor circuits","volume":"37","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5479.628","article-title":"Altered nociceptive neuronal circuits after neonatal peripheral inflammation","volume":"289","author":"Ruda","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.04.006","article-title":"Characterization of basal and re-inflammation-associated long-term alteration in pain responsivity following short-lasting neonatal local inflammatory insult","volume":"110","author":"Ren","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2164","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19082164","article-title":"General pathways of pain sensation and the major neurotransmitters involved in pain regulation","volume":"19","author":"Yam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"B137","first-page":"189","article-title":"GABA is the principal fast-acting excitatory transmitter in the neonatal brain","volume":"79","author":"Leinekugel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Adv Neurol."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.040451","article-title":"Development of nociceptive synaptic inputs to the neonatal rat dorsal horn: glutamate release by capsaicin and menthol","volume":"549","author":"Baccei","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4749","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5211-03.2004","article-title":"Development of GABAergic and glycinergic transmission in the neonatal rat dorsal horn","volume":"24","author":"Baccei","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3893","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00123.2006","article-title":"Functional GABA(A)-receptor-mediated inhibition in the neonatal dorsal horn","volume":"95","author":"Bremner","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2009.06.012","article-title":"Central sensitization: a generator of pain hypersensitivity by central neural plasticity","volume":"10","author":"Latremoliere","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.11.011","article-title":"A critical period in the supraspinal control of pain: opioid-dependent changes in brainstem rostroventral medulla function in preadolescence","volume":"153","author":"Hathway","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90365-0","article-title":"Hyperalgesia in premature infants","volume":"1","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000658","article-title":"Surgical injury in the neonatal rat alters the adult pattern of descending modulation from the rostroventral medulla","volume":"122","author":"Walker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2010.07.007","article-title":"Effects of neonatal inflammation on descending modulation from the rostroventromedial medulla","volume":"83","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.06.009","article-title":"White and gray matter development in human fetal, newborn and pediatric brains","volume":"33","author":"Huang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2009.09.005","article-title":"The encephalopathy of prematurity\u2013brain injury and impaired brain development inextricably intertwined","volume":"16","author":"Volpe","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Neurol."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14556","article-title":"Structural brain maturation differs between preterm and term piglets, whereas brain activity does not","volume":"108","author":"Plomgaard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3180986d2f","article-title":"Ketamine reduces the cell death following inflammatory pain in newborn rat brain","volume":"62","author":"Anand","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Res."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2011.10.010","article-title":"Spatial and temporal activation of spinal glial cells: role of gliopathy in central neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury in rats","volume":"234","author":"Gwak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp Neurol."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.07.026","article-title":"The development of the nociceptive brain","volume":"338","author":"Verriotis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroscience."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1038\/375325a0","article-title":"A critical period for long-term potentiation at thalamocortical synapses","volume":"375","author":"Crair","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07074.x","article-title":"Genes and mechanisms in the amygdala involved in the formation of fear memory","volume":"985","author":"Pape","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2017.02.004","article-title":"GABAA receptor expression and white matter disruption in intrauterine growth restricted piglets","volume":"59","author":"Kalanjati","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Dev Neurosci."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14188","article-title":"From circuits to behaviour in the amygdala","volume":"517","author":"Janak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13508","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.24.13508","article-title":"Involvement of the amygdala in memory storage: interaction with other brain systems","volume":"93","author":"McGaugh","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2015.04.027","article-title":"Development of immunity in early life","volume":"71","author":"Goenka","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect."},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1744806917724559","DOI":"10.1177\/1744806917724559","article-title":"Immune system involvement in specific pain conditions","volume":"13","author":"Totsch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Pain."},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(90)90229-W","article-title":"Heterogeneity in the distribution and morphology of microglia in the normal adult mouse brain","volume":"39","author":"Lawson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neuroscience."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2010.01245.x","article-title":"Early microglial colonization of the human forebrain and possible involvement in periventricular white-matter injury of preterm infants","volume":"217","author":"Verney","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Anat."},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1113\/EP085714","article-title":"Microglia in health and pain: impact of noxious early life events","volume":"101","author":"Burke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Physiol."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1992","article-title":"The neuropathic pain triad: neurons, immune cells and glia","volume":"10","author":"Scholz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.04.032","article-title":"BDNF contributes to the neonatal incision-induced facilitation of spinal long-term potentiation and the exacerbation of incisional pain in adult rats","volume":"137","author":"Ding","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology."},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.03.022","article-title":"Brief, low frequency stimulation of rat peripheral C-fibres evokes prolonged microglial-induced central sensitization in adults but not in neonates","volume":"144","author":"Hathway","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00308.x","article-title":"Inflammation-induced hyperalgesia and spinal microglia reactivity in neonatal rats","volume":"17","author":"Vega-Avelaira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Pain."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4053","article-title":"Different immune cells mediate mechanical pain hypersensitivity in male and female mice","volume":"18","author":"Sorge","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4750","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.10.4750","article-title":"Behavioral stress modifies hippocampal plasticity through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation","volume":"93","author":"Kim","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(95)01441-1","article-title":"Characterization of a rat model of incisional pain","volume":"64","author":"Brennan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atc.2004.11.009","article-title":"Mechanisms of incisional pain","volume":"23","author":"Brennan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Clin North Am."},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S144949","article-title":"The effect of local\/topical analgesics on incisional pain in a pig model","volume":"10","author":"Castel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pain Res."},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000267604.40258.d1","article-title":"Mechanical pain hypersensitivity after incisional surgery is enhanced in rats subjected to neonatal peripheral inflammation: effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists","volume":"106","author":"Chu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(96)03104-1","article-title":"Enhanced withdrawal responses to heat and mechanical stimuli following intraplantar injection of capsaicin in rats","volume":"67","author":"Gilchrist","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.10.031","article-title":"Effect of capsaicin treatment on nociceptors in rat glabrous skin one day after plantar incision","volume":"148","author":"Kang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2010.03.008","article-title":"Neonatal arthritis disturbs sleep and behaviour of adult rat offspring and their dams","volume":"14","author":"Roizenblatt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Pain."},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(03)00201-X","article-title":"Neonatal inflammation and primary afferent terminal plasticity in the rat dorsal horn","volume":"105","author":"Walker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2004.11.039","article-title":"Alterations in stress-associated behaviors and neurochemical markers in adult rats after neonatal short-lasting local inflammatory insult","volume":"131","author":"Anseloni","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroscience."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21632","article-title":"Neonatal pain and stress disrupts later-life pavlovian fear conditioning and sensory function in rats: evidence for a two-hit model","volume":"60","author":"Davis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Psychobiol."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.043661","article-title":"Spinal dorsal horn cell receptive field size is increased in adult rats following neonatal hindpaw skin injury","volume":"550","author":"Torsney","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1159\/000351121","article-title":"A single neonatal injury induces life-long deficits in response to stress","volume":"35","author":"Victoria","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci."},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1134\/S0022093015040067","article-title":"Differences in adaptive behaviors of adolescent male and female rats exposed at birth to inflammatory pain or stress","volume":"51","author":"Butkevich","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Evol Biochem Physiol."},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.11.022","article-title":"Early-life inflammation with LPS delays fear extinction in adult rodents","volume":"63","author":"Doenni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun."},{"key":"B182","first-page":"132","article-title":"Developmental and behavioral effects of toe clipping on neonatal and preweanling mice with and without vapocoolant anesthesia","volume":"53","author":"Paluch","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci."},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1258\/la.2009.009020","article-title":"Analysis of physiological and behavioural parameters in mice after toe clipping as newborns","volume":"44","author":"Schaefer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lab Anim."},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(02)00406-0","article-title":"Repetitive acute pain in infancy increases anxiety but does not alter spatial learning ability in juvenile mice","volume":"142","author":"Schellinck","year":"2003","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res."},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2004.05.002","article-title":"The impact of early repeated pain experiences on stress responsiveness and emotionality at maturity in rats","volume":"19","author":"Page","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun."},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180124","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/180124","article-title":"Lasting developmental effects of neonatal fentanyl exposure in preweanling rats","volume":"2012","author":"Catr\u00e9","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anesthesiol Res Pract."},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39159","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39159","article-title":"Neonatal repetitive pain in rats leads to impaired spatial learning and dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function in later life","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181870a32","article-title":"Comparison of the immediate effects of surgical incision on dorsal horn neuronal receptive field size and responses during postnatal development","volume":"109","author":"Ririe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.03.016","article-title":"The ontogeny of neuropathic pain: postnatal onset of mechanical allodynia in rat spared nerve injury (SNI) and chronic constriction injury (CCI) models","volume":"115","author":"Howard","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200602000-00021","article-title":"Age-dependent responses to nerve injury-induced mechanical allodynia","volume":"104","author":"Ririe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-5-70","article-title":"Differential regulation of immune responses and macrophage\/neuron interactions in the dorsal root ganglion in young and adult rats following nerve injury","volume":"5","author":"Vega-Avelaira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Pain."},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-8-30","article-title":"The emergence of adolescent onset pain hypersensitivity following neonatal nerve injury","volume":"30","author":"Vega-Avelaira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Pain."},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21077","article-title":"Early postnatal chronic inflammation produces long-term changes in pain behavior and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype gene expression in the central nervous system of adult mice","volume":"84","author":"Blom","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res."},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2009.01.005","article-title":"Long-lasting neonatal inflammation enhances pain responses to subsequent inflammation, but not peripheral nerve injury in adult rats","volume":"27","author":"Lim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Dev Neurosci."},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2005.07.009","article-title":"Neonatal chronic hind paw inflammation alters sensitization to intradermal capsaicin in adult rats: a behavioral and immunocytochemical study","volume":"6","author":"Hohmann","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e31818702d4","article-title":"Preemptive morphine analgesia attenuates the long-term consequences of neonatal inflammation in male and female rats","volume":"64","author":"Laprairie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Res."},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.08.010","article-title":"Female rats are more vulnerable to the long-term consequences of neonatal inflammatory injury","volume":"132","author":"LaPrairie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200102120-00042","article-title":"Long-term effects of short-lasting early local inflammatory insult","volume":"12","author":"Lidow","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroreport."},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2004.07.003","article-title":"Neonatal hind paw injury alters processing of visceral and somatic nociceptive stimuli in the adult rat","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1134\/S0022093015020052","article-title":"Long-term changes in adaptive behavior of rats after neonatal inflammatory pain","volume":"51","author":"Mikhailenko","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol."},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.09.018","article-title":"Spinal microglia and neuropathic pain in young rats","volume":"128","author":"Moss","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2012.04.012","article-title":"Sex differences in inflammatory mechanical hypersensitivity in later life of rats exposed to repetitive needle pricking as neonates","volume":"516","author":"Knaepen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett."},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1155\/2003\/305409","article-title":"The effects of exposure to repeated minor pain during the neonatal period on formalin pain behaviour and thermal withdrawal latencies","volume":"8","author":"Johnston","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag."},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.855","article-title":"Neonatal paracetamol treatment reduces long-term nociceptive behaviour after neonatal procedural pain in rats","volume":"20","author":"van den Hoogen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Pain."},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-3806(02)00611-9","article-title":"Repeated neonatal pain influences maternal behavior, but not stress responsiveness in rat offspring","volume":"140","author":"Walker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dev Brain Res."},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3081","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1786-18.2019","article-title":"Priming of adult incision response by early life injury: neonatal microglial inhibition has persistent but sexually dimorphic effects in adult rats","volume":"39","author":"Moriarty","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"B207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2017.11.111","article-title":"Opioid analgesia and the somatosensory memory of neonatal surgical injury in the adult rat","volume":"121","author":"Moriarty","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth."},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.2000.7511","article-title":"Plasticity in the rat spinal cord seen in response to lesions to the motor cortex during development but not to lesions in maturity","volume":"166","author":"Gibson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp Neurol."},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2007.00949.x","article-title":"Neonatal gastric suctioning results in chronic visceral and somatic hyperalgesia: role of corticotropin releasing factor","volume":"19","author":"Smith","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil."},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000366273","article-title":"Analgesia for early-life pain prevents deficits in adult anxiety and stress in rats","volume":"37","author":"Victoria","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dev Neurosci."},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2315-14.2015","article-title":"Neuropathic pain is constitutively suppressed in early life by anti-inflammatory neuroimmune regulation","volume":"35","author":"McKelvey","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"B212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-05404-y","article-title":"Characterization of short- and long-term mechanical sensitisation following surgical tail amputation in pigs","volume":"7","author":"Giminiani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2019.00314","article-title":"Transcriptomics analysis of porcine caudal dorsal root ganglia in tail amputated pigs shows long-term effects on many pain-associated genes","volume":"6","author":"Sandercock","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci."},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-019-0420-x","article-title":"Repetitive noxious stimuli during early development affect acute and long-term mechanical sensitivity in rats","volume":"87","author":"van den Hoogen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Res."},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471141755.ph0504s56","article-title":"Models of inflammation: Carrageenan- or complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced edema and hypersensitivity in the rat","author":"Fehrenbacher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Pharmacol."},{"key":"B216","first-page":"192","article-title":"Analgesic effects of tramadol, tramadol\u2013gabapentin, and buprenorphine in an incisional model of pain in rats (Rattus norvegicus)","volume":"50","author":"McKeon","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci."},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000000593","article-title":"Individual differences in acute pain-induced endogenous analgesia predict time to resolution of postoperative pain in the rat","volume":"122","author":"Peters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anesthesiology."},{"key":"B218","volume-title":"The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Relieving Pain in America: A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention, Care, Education, and Research","year":"2011"},{"key":"B219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.2174\/1573397112666151231113438","article-title":"Psychosocial vulnerability and early life adversity as risk factors for central sensitivity syndromes","volume":"12","author":"Jones","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rev."},{"key":"B220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2011.05.015","article-title":"Is there an association between preterm birth or low birthweight and chronic widespread pain? Results from the 1958 Birth Cohort Study","volume":"16","author":"Littlejohn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Pain."},{"key":"B221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20162690","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2690","article-title":"Self-reported mental health problems among adults born preterm: a meta-analysis","volume":"139","author":"Pyhala","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"B222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23768","article-title":"Animal models of chronic pain: advances and challenges for clinical translation","volume":"95","author":"Burma","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res."},{"key":"B223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2013.06.008","article-title":"An overview of animal models of pain: disease models and outcome measures","volume":"14","author":"Gregory","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"B224","unstructured":"PS19 long-term impacts of early life injury on monoiodoacetate induced osteoarthritis in adult rats610 WilliamsM MeyersR LascellesB J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci.572018"},{"key":"B225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2018.09.016","article-title":"Models of osteoarthritis: the good, the bad and the promising","volume":"27","author":"Cope","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage."},{"key":"B226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2016.08.008","article-title":"X. Replicate effects and test-retest reliability of quantitative sensory threshold testing in dogs with and without chronic pain","volume":"44","author":"Knazovicky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Anaesth Analg."},{"key":"B227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9070405","article-title":"A monosodium iodoacetate osteoarthritis lameness model in growing pigs","volume":"9","author":"Uilenreef","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animals (Basel)."},{"key":"B228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S34977","article-title":"A large animal neuropathic pain model in sheep: a strategy for improving the predictability of preclinical models for therapeutic development","volume":"5","author":"Wilkes","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pain Res."},{"key":"B229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.11.011","article-title":"Spontaneous painful disease in companion animals can facilitate the development of chronic pain therapies for humans","volume":"26","author":"Lascelles","year":"2018","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage."},{"key":"B230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e68763","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068763","article-title":"A pig model of the preterm neonate: anthropometric and physiological characteristics","volume":"8","author":"Eiby","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1306","article-title":"Prevalence of self-reported chronic pain among adolescents: evidence from 42 countries and regions","volume":"23","author":"Gobina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Pain."},{"key":"B232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2014.05.009","article-title":"Prevalence of persistent pain in the U.S. adult population: new data from the 2010 national health interview survey","volume":"15","author":"Kennedy","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"B233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2015.05.002","article-title":"Estimates of pain prevalence and severity in adults: United States, 2012","volume":"16","author":"Nahin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"B234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2018.07.006","article-title":"Prevalence and profile of high-impact chronic pain in the United States","volume":"20","author":"Pitcher","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"B235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2015.11.015","article-title":"Exposure to early life pain: long term consequences and contributing mechanisms","volume":"7","author":"Victoria","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Behav Sci."},{"key":"B236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S29","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000784","article-title":"Translational studies identify long-term impact of prior neonatal pain experience","volume":"158","author":"Walker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fped.2020.00030\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T20:20:54Z","timestamp":1665778854000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fped.2020.00030\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"references-count":236,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fped.2020.00030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2020.00030","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2360"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2360","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"article-number":"30"}}