{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:06:27Z","timestamp":1780445187801,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016274","name":"Omron Healthcare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Introduction and Objectives:<\/jats:bold> Wheezing episodes are the first causes of doctor's consultation in preschool age. Treatment is usually administered with a metered dose inhaler (MDI) spacer. At variance, many parents and doctors prefer to use a compressor nebulizer, which cannot be easily carried. The study is aimed at testing whether a pocket mesh nebulizer has similar efficacy and acceptability than a standard MDI device.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:bold> The IPAC study was a randomized, controlled, non-inferiority trial (number: 1616\/2018, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesu'\u2014IRCCS). The study had two arms: cases, using MicroAIR U100, and controls, using MDI+spacer device. Both devices were adopted for long-term treatment and for exacerbations. Follow-up was organized with clinical visits and a daily e-diary connected to an application for mobile phone.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> One hundred patients were enrolled. The frequency of asthmatic symptoms showed a non-inferiority for MicroAIR U100 group vs. MDI. Accordingly, no significant difference was found in the average % of days with cough, wheezing, breathlessness after exercise, days lost at school, and not-programmed visits. Considering only patients with &amp;gt;1 day with symptoms, no significant sdifferences were found in the number of exacerbations nor in the cumulative days with symptoms. The acceptance and usability of both devices have been favorable. However, the MDI+AeroChamber\u00ae device showed better acceptability.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> Our study shows that MicroAIR U-100, a mesh nebulizer, has similar clinical efficacy but lower acceptance and usability than an MDI plus Aerochamber\u00ae in delivering therapy in preschool wheezers. Therefore, MicroAIR U-100 might be a valuable second choice, when the delivery of medication with an MDI plus Aerochamber\u00ae is not accepted, or wrongly used by the parents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.598690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T04:56:15Z","timestamp":1607576175000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Novel, Portable MESH Nebulizer\u2014An Alternative to Metered Dose Inhaler: Efficacy and Usability in Preschool Wheezers"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Nicola","family":"Ullmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Di Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiana","family":"Columbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Negro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Beatrice","family":"Chiarini Testa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Panetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Tripodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Potapova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Allegorico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo Maria","family":"Matricardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Cutrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30938-8","article-title":"Global, regional, and national disease burden estimatesof acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children in 2015: a systematic review and modelling study","volume":"390","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.06.002","article-title":"A simple asthma prediction tool for preschool children with wheeze or cough","author":"Pescatore","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00057002","article-title":"The economic impact of preschool asthma and wheeze","volume":"21","author":"Stevens","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"key":"B4","first-page":"1593","article-title":"Diagnosis, management, and prognosis of preschool wheeze","volume-title":"Lancet","author":"Ducharme","year":"2014"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13142","article-title":"Preschool wheezing diagnosis and management - 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