{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:53:11Z","timestamp":1767707591787,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Purpose:<\/jats:bold> We investigated the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) by measuring the effects two specific miRNAs on Th2 cells in children with this disease.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> After informed consent, we enrolled 20 children with active INS before steroid initiation, 20 children with INS in remission after steroid therapy, and 20 age-matched healthy controls. Flow cytometry was used to measure the levels of Th2 cells and a cytometric bead array was used to measure the levels of IgE, interleukin (IL)\u22124, and IL-13. RT-PCR was used to measure the levels of miR-24 and miR-27 in CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>TCD25<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> cells. PBMCs were isolated using Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, and transfected with different mimic or inhibitor miRNAs. RT-PCR was used to measure the expression of different RNAs, and flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage of Th2 cells.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Relative to healthy controls, children with active INS had higher percentages of Th2 cells (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), but there was no significant difference in controls and children in remission. The plasma levels of IgE, IL-4, and IL-13 were significantly increased in children with active INS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). There were lower levels of miR-24 and miR-27 in children with active non-atopic INS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05). Transfection experiments indicated that upregulation of each miRNA decreased the percentage of Th2 cells and the level of IL-4 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05), and down-regulation of each miRNA had the opposite effects (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Children with active INS, with or without atopy, had higher levels of IgE, possibly related to their higher levels of IL-13 and IL-4 due to a drift toward Th2 cells. miR-24 and miR-27 suppressed the expression of Th2 cells and have a critical function regulating Th2 cell expression in INS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.651544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T04:41:35Z","timestamp":1618980095000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Function of miR-24 and miR-27 in Pediatric Patients With Idiopathic Nephrotic 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