{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:10:48Z","timestamp":1753891848504,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]],"date-time":"2021-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008092","name":"Jinhua Science and Technology Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["no. 2018-4-151"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["no. 2018-4-151"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pediatr."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1) is regarded as a biological marker of infection. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of endotracheal tube (ETT)-sTREM-1 concentration in neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia (NVAP), to explore the difference of (ETT)-sTREM-1 between preterm and full-term, and to investigate the influence of extrapulmonary infection on (ETT)-sTREM-1 concentration.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> In this multicenter, controlled clinical trial of 60 preterm and 33 full-term neonates on mechanical ventilators, we measured concentrations of ETT-aspirate and serum sTREM-1, serum C-reactive protein, and serum procalcitonin, as well as white blood cell count. We initially divided cases into eight groups, based on three categories: preterm of full-term; NVAP or non-NVAP; and extrapulmonary infection present or absent. Groups were compared, and logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine diagnostic value.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The mean gestational age (\u00b1 standard deviation) of preterm and full-term neonates was 28.9 \u00b1 2.2 weeks and 39.5 \u00b1 1.7 weeks, respectively, and 32\/60 were male. The ETT-aspirate sTREM-1 concentration was higher in NVAP cases than in non-NVAP cases, irrespective of extrapulmonary infection. ROC analysis revealed that ETT-aspirate sTREM-1 concentration had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.986 and a cutoff value of 228.0 pg\/ml (sensitivity, 94.3%; specificity, 96%) in preterm neonates; the same values in full-term neonates were 0.938 and 245.5 pg\/ml (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 93.7%), respectively. The optimal combination of indicators was ETT-aspirate sTREM-1 and serum C-reactive protein concentration. All indicators were present at lower levels on days 8 and 10 of ventilation in neonates who ultimately recovered than in those who did not.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> ETT-aspirate sTREM-1 and serum C-reactive protein concentrations may be useful for the diagnosis of NVAP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.664801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]],"date-time":"2021-08-25T08:53:47Z","timestamp":1629881627000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Diagnostic Value of Endotracheal Tube-Aspirate Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 Concentration for Neonatal Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingqian","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youcheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hailong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leting","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1159\/000355539","article-title":"Ventilator-associated 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